Topological excitations are certain features of classical solutions of gauge field theories.

Namely, a gauge field theory on a manifold with a gauge group may possess classical solutions with a (quantized) topological invariant called topological charge. The term topological excitation especially refers to a situation when the topological charge is an integral of a localized quantity.

Examples:[1]

1) , , the topological charge is called magnetic flux.

2) , , the topological charge is called magnetic charge.

The concept of a topological excitation is almost synonymous with that of a topological defect.

References

  1. F. A. Bais, Topological excitations in gauge theories; An introduction from the physical point of view. Springer Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 926 (1982)


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