Monument in Sparta with names of Spartathlon winners
The finisher’s medal
The reverse side of the medal

Spartathlon is a 246-kilometre (153 mi) ultramarathon race held annually in Greece since 1983, between Athens and Sparti, the modern town on the site of ancient Sparta. The Spartathlon is based on the run of Pheidippides,[1] who ran from Athens to Sparta before the Battle of Marathon in a day and a half to seek aid against the Persians. Five Royal Air Force officers attempted the course in 1982 and the competition was started the next year.[2]

As the race grew more popular, stringent entry criteria were implemented to ensure participants were fit enough to run the course. The race has 75 checkpoints where race officials disqualify runners who fail to meet time cutoffs or who are too tired to continue.

In 2023, Camille Herron set a new women's course record of 22h 35min 31s, an improvement of 2h 12min 53s under the previous course record and the first woman under 24h. Fotis Zisimopoulos won for the third time and set a new men's course record in 19h 55min 9s, becoming the first athlete under 20h and broke the longheld record by Yiannis Kouros set in 1984.

Origin

The Spartathlon aims to trace the footsteps of Pheidippides, an Athenian messenger sent to Sparta in 490 BC to seek help against the Persians in the Battle of Marathon. Pheidippides, according to an account by Greek historian Herodotus, arrived in Sparta the day after he departed.[3] Herodotus wrote: "On the occasion of which we speak when Pheidippides was sent by the Athenian generals, and, according to his own account, saw Pan on his journey, he reached Sparta on the very next day after quitting the city of Athens."[4]

Based on this account, John Foden, an officer of the Royal Air Force and a long distance runner, went to Greece in 1982 with four officers to test whether it was possible to cover the nearly 250 kilometres (155 miles) in a day and a half (36 hours).[4] Three of them were successful in completing the distance: Foden himself in 37 hours and 37 minutes; John Scholtens in 34:30, and John McCarthy in 39:00.[5] The following year a team of enthusiastic supporters (British, Greek and other nationalities) based at the British Hellenic Chamber of Commerce in Athens and led by Philhellene Michael Callaghan organised the running of the first Open International Spartathlon Race. The event was run under the auspices of SEGAS, the Hellenic Amateur Athletics Association. Forty-four men and one woman from twelve countries were entered into the first Spartathlon in 1983.[6]

Race

The Spartathlon is usually held around late September. Runners have 36 hours to run 246 kilometres (153 mi), roughly the equivalent of six consecutive marathons, between Athens and Sparti, the site of ancient Sparta. Runners have to deal with the Greek heat in the day, the cold of the night, and the mountainous terrain. There are 75 checkpoints along the way, where runners are disqualified for safety reasons if they fail to meet time cut-offs. Many runners have crews that support them during the race, such as helping them resupply at the checkpoints. Any non-finishers are picked up by a bus and taken to Sparta together.[3]

The race begins at 7:00 am, roughly when dawn breaks, at the foot of the Acropolis of Athens, near the Odeon of Herodes Atticus and the Agora of Athens.[3] The runners head westwards and the first major checkpoint is at 80 kilometres (50 mi), at the Corinth Canal on the Isthmus of Corinth that connects the Peloponnese to mainland Greece. Runners then proceed to the site of ancient Corinth.[3]

Runners ascend the 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) high Sangas mountain pass on Mount Parthenion, and then descend towards Tegea, which is about 200 kilometres (120 mi) from the start of the race. According to Herodotus, Pheidippides had a vision of Pan at Tegea, in what may be the first recorded case of exercise-induced hallucination. The rest of the race is a 50 kilometres (31 mi) downhill segment to the town of Sparta.[3]

The end of the race is a statue of Leonidas I, the Spartan king who died at the Battle of Thermopylae fighting the Persians ten years after Marathon, which is placed at the end of the main street in Sparta. Runners who finish the race receive a laurel wreath and water from schoolgirls dressed in chitons, and have access to medical tents. The national anthem of the winner is also played.[3]

No monetary award is given to any of the finishers, but winning the race is considered prestigious and generates publicity that is helpful in attracting sponsors. Unlike Pheidippides, none of the runners have to make the return run back to Athens.[3]

Entry requirements

In order to run in this race an individual must have recently performed at least one of a number of qualifying feats, such as:

  • Finishing a race of at least 100 km (62 mi) in less than 10 hours (male) or 10 hours 30 minutes (female).
  • Competing in an event of more than 200 km (120 mi) and completing it in less than 29 hours (male) or 30 hours (female).
  • Competing in Spartathlon within the two previous years and overcoming the mountain to reach the Nestani checkpoint at 172 km (107 mi) in less than 24 hours 30 minutes.

The criteria have been tightened at least once in the past and a ballot introduced, since the increasing prestige of the race and the gradual increase in the number of qualifying athletes mean that it is now always oversubscribed; however, elite athletes who can exceed the criteria by a large margin (25%, formerly 20%) are able to avoid the ballot and qualify automatically. Entries are now capped at 400 each year with non-automatic qualifiers chosen through a lottery system.

Records

Camille Herron set a new women's course record in 2023 with a time of 22h 35min 31s, an improvement of 2h 12min 53s under the previous course record set by Patrycja Bereznowska in 2017. She became the first woman to run under 24 hours and placed third overall, the second time a woman has placed on the overall podium. She led 3 women under 24 hours and into the top 10 overall for the first time in the race's history. Mary Larsson holds the record for most wins by a woman with 5 wins.

Fotis Zisimopoulis set a new men's course record in 2023 with a time of 19h 55min 2s, the first runner under 20 hours and his third win. Yiannis Kouros holds the most wins by a man with four wins. In 2005, he decided to trace the steps of Pheidippides completely and ran—out of competition—the Athens–Sparta–Athens distance.

Hubert Karl of Germany holds the record for most finishes with 23. András Lőw of Hungary meanwhile holds the record for most consecutive finishes with 19.

In 2017, the 35th anniversary competition had a record 264 finishers under the 36-hour cut-off time. In 2018, the later stages of the race were substantially disrupted by the Medicane Zorbas, though almost all runners capable of finishing within the cut-off time were eventually able to do so.

Following are the winners of the Spartathlon:

Men


Year1stNationalityTime2ndNationalityTime3rdNationalityTime
1983Yiannis Kouros Greece21:53:42Dušan Mravlje Yugoslavia24:40:38Alan Fairbrother United Kingdom27:39:14
1984Yiannis Kouros Greece20:25:00Dušan Mravlje Yugoslavia23:44:00Patrick Macke United Kingdom24:32:05
1985Patrick Macke United Kingdom23:18:00Dušan Mravlje Yugoslavia24:39:22Jean Calbera France24:42:00
1986Yiannis Kouros Greece21:57:00Ernő Kis-Király Hungary26:07:00Peter Mann Germany26:41:00
1987Rune Larsson Sweden24:41:46Patrick Macke United Kingdom26:41:51James Zarei United Kingdom27:27:16
1988Rune Larsson Sweden24:42:05James Zarei Iran25:59:42Georges Makris Greece26:47:00
1989Patrick Macke United Kingdom24:32:05Rune Larsson Sweden25:28:48Seiichi Morikawa Japan26:08:18
1990Yiannis Kouros Greece20:29:04Patrick Macke United Kingdom23:08:41János Bogár Hungary24:49:19
1991János Bogár Hungary24:15:31James Zarei United Kingdom26:48:50George Stoakes United Kingdom30:50:35
1992[7]Rusko Kadiev Bulgaria24:08:13Paul Beckers Belgium25:05:48Roy Pirrung United States28:33:02
1993[8][9]Rune Larsson Sweden25:57:12Marcel Foucat France27:46:37Milan Furin Slovakia28:51:37
1994James Zarei United Kingdom26:15:00Kenji Okiyama Japan25:55:00Peeter Kirppu Estonia26:07:00
1995James Zarei United Kingdom25:59:42Vasilios Chalkias Greece27:49:46Kazuyoshi Ikeda Japan28:12:00
1996Roland Vuillemenot France26:21:00Dušan Mravlje Slovenia27:55:00Roy Pirrung United States27:56:32
1997Constantinos Reppos Greece23:37:00Kenji Okiyama Japan25:55:00Rune Larsson Sweden28:11:00
1998Constantinos Reppos Greece25:11:41Kenzi (Kenji) Okiyama Japan26:13:13James Zarei United Kingdom26:44:04
1999Jens Lukas Germany25:38:03Jean Pierre Guyomarch France27:08:57Jun Onoki Japan27:16:36
2000Masayuki Ohtaki (Otaki, Ōtaki) Japan24:01:10Jens Lukas Germany24:59:54Cees Verhagen Netherlands25:35:50
2001Valmir Nunes Brazil23:18:05Jens Lukas Germany24:46:51Ryōichi Sekiya Japan25:27:30
2002Ryōichi Sekiya Japan23:47:54Markus Thalmann Austria25:16:56Jeffry Oonk Netherlands26:58:55
2003Markus Thalmann Austria23:28:24Valmir Nunes Brazil25:30:35Jean-Jacques Moros France26:26:16
2004Jens Lukas Germany25:49:59Markus Thalmann Austria26:20:02Martin Juri Australia27:19:15
2005Jens Lukas Germany24:20:39Jean-Jacques Moros France25:03:30Markus Thalmann Austria26:34:42
2006Scott Jurek United States22:52:18Ryōichi Sekiya Japan24:14:11Masayuki Ohtaki (Otaki, Ōtaki) Japan25:19:12
2007Scott Jurek United States23:12:14Piotr Kuryło Poland24:29:41Valmir Nunes Brazil25:37:40
2008Scott Jurek United States22:20:01Markus Thalmann Austria24:52:09Lars Skytte Christoffersen Denmark25:29:41
2009Ryōichi Sekiya Japan23:48:24Lars Skytte Christoffersen Denmark24:32:00Jon Harald Berge Norway25:10:00
2010Ivan Cudin Italy23:03:06Jan Albert Lantink Netherlands23:31:00Jan Prochaska Germany24:56:00
2011Ivan Cudin Italy22:57:40Yuji Sakai Japan24:22:24Michael Vanicek Germany24:55:59
2012Stu Thoms Germany26:28:19[10]Tetsuo Kiso Japan26:36:23Markus Thalmann Austria27:14:25
2013João Oliveira Portugal23:28:31Florian Reus Germany25:29:11Ivan Cudin Italy25:53:44
2014Ivan Cudin Italy22:27:57Florian Reus Germany23:56:19Andrzej Radzikowski Poland25:48:25
2015Florian Reus Germany23:16:44Dan Lawson United Kingdom23:53:05Hansen Kim Denmark23:53:52
2016Andrzej Radzikowski Poland23:02:23Marco Bonfiglio Italy23:36:58Radek Brunner Czech Republic24:07:29
2017Aleksandr Sorokin Lithuania22:04:04Radek Brunner Czech Republic22:49:37Nikolaos Sideridis Greece22:58:40
2018Yoshihiko Ishikawa Japan22:55:13Radek Brunner Czech Republic23:37:25João Oliveira Portugal24:34:30
2019 Bódis Tamás  Hungary 23:29:24 Csécsei Zoltán  Hungary 24:16:59 Radek Brunner  Czech Republic 24:26:20
2021 Fotis Zisimopoulos  Greece 21:57:36 Radek Brunner  Czech Republic 23:17:49 Milan Sumny  Czech Republic 23:53:19
2022 Fotis Zisimopoulos  Greece 21:00:48 Toru Somiya  Japan 21:18:04 Yoshihiko Ishikawa  Japan 23:06:45
2023 Fotis Zisimopoulos  Greece 19:55:09 (Course Record) Simen Holvik  Norway 22:17:23 Fernando Andres Martinez Roman  Uruguay 23:32:59

Women

[11]

Time = hours:minutes:seconds

Year1stNationalityTime2ndNationalityTime3rdNationalityTime
1983Eleanor Robinson (formerly Adams) United Kingdom32:37:52 ——————
1984Mary Hanudel (later Mary Larsson) United States30:27:00Marcy Schwam
Lorna Richey (later Lorna Michael)		 United States
 United States		34:15:10 ———
1985Mary Hanudel (later Mary Larsson) United States34:10 ——————
1986Mary Hanudel (later Mary Larsson) United States31:46:45Waltraud Reisert Germany33:21:00 ———
1987Hilary Walker United Kingdom31:23:30Waltraud Reisert Germany35:31:56---
1988 —
1989Mary Hanudel (later Mary Larsson) United States31:57:23Monika Kuno Germany34:10:00Eiko Endo Japan34:36:49
1990Anne-Marie Deguilhem France34:07:41Pascale Mahé France35:08:03Mary Hanudel-Larsson United States35:31:30
1991Ursula Blasberg Germany34:42:45 ——————
1992Hilary Walker United Kingdom31:23:30Mary Hanudel-Larsson United States33:47:00Miyako Yoshikoshi Japan33:47:52
1993Sigrid Lomsky Germany32:46:17Marie Bertrand France33:47:12Miyako Yoshikoshi Japan34:18:00
1994Helga Backhaus Germany30:39:00Kazuko Kaihata Japan34:12:17Miyako Yoshikoshi Japan34:33:21
1995Helga Backhaus Germany29:33:00Miyako Yoshikoshi Japan33:47:52Kimie Funada (later Kimie Noto) Japan34:53:34
1996Helga Backhaus Germany29:50:00Mary Hanudel United States30:27:00Kimie Funada (later Kimie Noto) Japan34:12:00
1997Helga Backhaus Germany30:39:00Kimie Funada (later Kimie Noto) Japan33:36:00Heike Pawzik Germany33:46:00
1998Mary Larsson Sweden28:46.58Kimie Funada (later Kimie Noto) Japan29:32:21Helga Backhaus Germany29:53:49
1999Anny Monot France35:38:08Kimie Funada (later Kimie Noto) Japan35:41:31 ———
2000Hiroko Okiyama Japan29:16:37Mary Larsson United States30:56:16Helga Backhaus Germany31:35:24
2001Alzira Portela-Lario Portugal30:31:41Kimie Funada (later Kimie Noto) Japan33:49:17Heike Pawzik Germany34:41:10
2002Irina Reutovich Russia28:10:48Hiroko Okiyama Japan30:25:49Mayumi Okabe Japan31:33:35
2003Akiko Sakamoto Japan29:07:44Sumie Inagaki Japan29:38:54Barbara Szlachetka Germany31:50:23
2004Kimie Noto Japan29:57:40Hiroko Okiyama Japan31:01:17Anke Drescher Germany32:55:26
2005Kimie Noto Japan30:23:07Elke Streicher Germany32:19:59Anke Drescher Germany32:52:23
2006Sumie Inagaki Japan28:37:20Takako Furuyama Japan31:40:31Mary Larsson-Hanudel United States31:41:56
2007Akiko Sakamoto Japan31:09:24Brigitte Bec France31:56:03Kimie Noto Japan32:11:05
2008Sook-Hue Hur South Korea30:03:22Stacey Bunton United States31:25:59Heinlein Marika Germany31:39:19
2009Sumie Inagaki Japan27:39:49Yoshiko Matsuda Japan31:16:00Lisa Bliss United States32:27:00
2010Emily Gelder United Kingdom30:17:03Heather Fouwdlink-Hawker United Kingdom32:43:00Yoshiko Matsuda Japan33:31:00
2011Szilvia Lubics Hungary29:07:39Ruth Podgornik Res Slovenia32:17:19Mimi Anderson United Kingdom32:33:23
2012Elizabeth Hawker (also 3rd overall that year)[3] United Kingdom27:02:17[10]Leonie van den Haak Netherlands28:42:36Szilvia Lubics Hungary29:45:56
2013Szilvia Lubics Hungary28:03:04Antje Krause Germany30:07:15Heike Bergmann Germany30:22:03
2014Szilvia Lubics Hungary26:53:40Katalin Nagy United States28:55:03Eva Esnaola Spain30:52:41
2015Katalin Nagy United States25:06:05Alyson Venti United States26:50:51Szilvia Lubics Hungary29:18:44
2016Katalin Nagy United States25:22:26Smith Pam United States27:11:53Zsuzsanna Maraz Hungary27:44:01
2017Patrycja Bereznowska Poland24:48:18Zsuzsanna Maraz Hungary25:43:40Aleksandra Niwińska Poland26:28:48
2018Zsuzsanna Maraz Hungary27:05:28Kateřina Kašparová Czech Republic27:47:16Teija Honkonen Finland28:36:08
2019 Zsuzsanna Maraz  Hungary 30:16:18 Irina Masanova  Russia 31:18:08 Natasa Robnik  Slovenia 32:15:31
2021 Diana Dzaviza  Latvia 25:24:25 Zsuzsanna Maraz  Hungary 26:00:14 Noora Honkala  Finland 26:27:14
2022 Diana Dzaviza  Latvia 25:03:07 Marisa Lizak  United States 25:34:00 Mica Morgan  United States 27:23:44
2023 Camille Herron  United States 22:35:31 (Course Record) Noora Honkala  Finland 23:23:03 Satu Lipiainen  Finland 23:48:34

All-Time top 50 Women's performances

Athlete Time Country Year Place Age
1 Camille Herron 22:35:31 USA 2023 1 41
2 Noora Honkala 23:23:03 FIN 2023 2 31
3 Satu Lipiainen 23:48:34 FIN 2023 3 27
4 Patrycja Bereznowska 24:48:18 POL 2017 1 41
5 Diana Dzaviza 25:03:41 LAT 2022 1 35
6 Katalin Nagy 25:07:12 USA 2015 1 36
7 Katalin Nagy 25:23:52 USA 2016 1 37
8 Diana Dzaviza 25:24:25 LAT 2021 1 34
9 Marisa Lizak 25:34:18 USA 2022 2 43
10 Zsuzsanna Maraz 25:43:40 HUN 2017 2 47
11 Zsuzsanna Maraz 26:00:14 HUN 2021 2 51
12 Noora Honkala 26:27:14 FIN 2021 3 29
13 Aleksandra Niwińska 26:28:48 POL 2017 3 31
14 Alyson Venti 26:50:51 USA 2015 2 33
15 Szilvia Lubics 26:53:40 HUN 2014 1 40
16 Stine Rex 26:58:16 DEN 2017 4 38
17 Lizzy Hawker 27:02:17 GBR 2012 1 36
18 Marisa Lizak 27:05:08 USA 2021 4 42
19 Zsuzsanna Maraz 27:05:28 HUN 2018 1 48
20 Pam Smith 27:13:31 USA 2016 2 42
21 Zsuzsanna Maraz 27:16:26 HUN 2019 1 49
22 Veronika Jurisic 27:19:27 CRO 2017 5 40
23 Micah Morgan 27:24:01 USA 2022 3 39
24 Sumie Inagaki 27:39:49 JPN 2009 1 43
25 Zsuzsanna Maraz 27:45:42 HUN 2016 3 46
26 Kateřina Kašparová 27:47:16 CZE 2018 2 32
27 Szvetlana Zétényi 27:57:49 HUN 2023 4 47
28 Szilvia Lubics 28:03:04 HUN 2013 1 39
29 Irina Reutovich 28:10:48 RUS 2002 1 52
30 Antje Krause 28:13:57 GER 2017 6 45
31 Irina Masanova 28:18:16 RUS 2019 2 35
32 Rex Stine 28:18:35 DEN 2023 5 44
33 Szvetlana Zétényi 28:26:25 HUN 2021 5 45
34 Teija Honkonen 28:36:08 FIN 2018 3 41
35 Georgia Manta 28:36:15 GRE 2018 4 41
36 Sumie Inagaki 28:37:20 JPN 2006 1 40
37 Leonie den van Haak 28:42:36 NLD 2012 2 31
38 Mary Larsson-Hanudel 28:46:58 USA 1998 1 38
39 Cat Simpson 28:52:03 GBR 2018 5 34
40 Katalin Nagy 28:55:03 USA 2014 2 35
41 Ali Young 28:57:04 GBR 2022 4 49
42 Szilvia Lubics 29:06:50 HUN 2011 1 37
43 Sarah Mangler 29:10:13 GER 2023 6 41
44 Martha Xirofotou 29:14:22 GRE 2023 7 40
45 Natasa Robnik 29:15:39 SLO 2019 3 44
46 Szilvia Lubics 29:18:44 HUN 2015 3 41
47 Natasa Robnik 29:27:15 SLO 2015 4 40
48 Ali Young 29:28:41 GBR 2023 8 50
49 Paula Vrdoljak 29:31:58 CRO 2023 9 42
50 Kimie Noto (Funada) 29:32:21 JPN 1998 2 47

All-time top 50 Men's performances

AthleteTimeCountryYearPlaceAge
1 Fotis Zisimopoulos 19:55:09 GRE 2023 1 41
2Yiannis Kouros20:25:00GRE1984128
3Yiannis Kouros20:29:04GRE1990134
4Fotis Zisimopoulos21:00:48GRE2022139
5Toru Somiya21:18:04JPN2022242
6Yiannis Kouros21:53:42GRE1983127
7Yiannis Kouros21:57:00GRE1986130
8Fotis Zisimopoulos21:57:36GRE2021138
9Aleksandr Sorokin22:04:04LTU2017136
10 Simen Holvik 22:17:23 NOR 2023 2 46
11Scott Jurek22:20:01USA2008134
12Ivan Cudin22:29:29ITA2014139
13Radek Brunner22:49:37CZE2017242
14Scott Jurek22:52:18USA2006132
15Yoshihiko Ishikawa22:55:13JPN2018130
16Ivan Cudin22:57:40ITA2011136
17Nikolaos Sideridis22:58:40GRE2017336
18Andrzej Radzikowski23:02:23POL2016135
19Ivan Cudin23:03:06ITA2010135
20Yoshihiko Ishikawa23:06:45JPN2022334
21Patrick Macke23:08:41GBR1990235
22Scott Jurek23:12:14USA2007133
23Florian Reus23:17:31GER2015131
24Radek Brunner23:17:49CZE2021248
25Patrick Macke23:18:00GBR1985130
26Valmir Nunes23:18:05BRA2001137
27Yoshihiko Ishikawa23:20:56JPN2017429
28 Tibor Eros 23:23:53 HUN 2022 4 46
29Markus Thalmann23:28:24AUT2003139
30Joao Oliveira23:29:08POR2013136
31Bodis Tamas23:29:24HUN2019131
32Jan Lantink-Albert23:31:22HOL2010252
33 Fernando Andres Martinez Roman 23:32:59 URU 2023 3 48
34Marco Bonfiglio23:36:58ITA2016239
35Kostas Reppos23:37:00GRE1997131
36Radek Brunner23:37:25CZE2018244
37 Valdenir Jandosa 23:37:33 BRA 2023 4 44
38 Peter Gaspar 23:41:56 HUN 2023 5 42
39Dušan Mravlje23:44:00YUG1985232
40Ryōichi Sekiya23:47:54JPN2002135
41Ryōichi Sekiya23:48:24JPN2009142
42 Milan Sumny 23:53:19 CZE 2021 3 45
43Dan Lawson23:53:32GBR2015242
44Kim Hansen23:54:37DEN2015340
45Florian Reus23:57:13GER2014230
46Ohtaki Masayuki24:01:10JPN2000134
47Radek Brunner24:07:29CZE2016342
48Rusko Kadiev24:08:13BUL1992134
49 Georgios Dimoulas 24:13:54 GRE 2023 6 28
50Ryōichi Sekiya24:14:11JPN2006239

[12][13]

References

  1. ↑ "Spartathlon – Home Page". www.spartathlon.gr. Retrieved 2021-10-03.
  2. ↑ Crockett, Davy (19 September 2021). "Spartathlon Part 1 (1982) – The Birth". Ultrarunning History. Retrieved 23 January 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "The lunacy of the long-distance runner". The Economist. 22 December 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  4. 1 2 Herodotus, The Persian Wars, Chapter 6, paragraph 106
  5. ↑ Spartathlon 1983-2007, page 23, Published by the International Spartathlon Association, Athens, Greece
  6. ↑ Crockett, Davy (7 October 2021). "Spartathlon Part 2 (1983) – The First Race". Ultrarunning History. Retrieved 23 January 2022.
  7. ↑ "Spartathlon 1992 Results". Official Website. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
  8. ↑ https://statistik.d-u-v.org/getresultevent.php?event=5677
  9. ↑ https://www.spartathlon.gr/en/spartathlon/race/view/1993/
  10. 1 2 "Finishers". Spartathlon. Retrieved 17 October 2012.
  11. ↑ "Αποτελέσματα".
  12. ↑ "Results". www.spartathlon.gr. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
  13. ↑ Spartathlon 1983-2017, International Spartathlon Association, 7 Kodrou street, 10558, Athens, Greece
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