It is a Language spoken in Noklak dist. in Nagaland, India.[1] Patsho Khiamniungan is gradually refining and grammartical development is underway.[2]
| Patsho | |
|---|---|
| pɑ³³tsʰɒ⁵⁵ | |
| Pronunciation | Khiamniungan Naga pronunciation: [/pɑ³³tsʰɒ⁵⁵ kʰiɑm³³ɲu⁵⁵ŋn⁵⁵/] |
| Native to | India |
| Region | Patsho village, Noklak District, Nagaland |
| Ethnicity | Khiamniungan Naga |
Native speakers | 120,000 approx. in Myanmar and 61,983 approx (2011)[3] |
Sino-Tibetan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | kix |
Background
Patsho is a language spoken in eastern part of Nagaland state and also refers to the people living under Noklak district in India. Above all, it is a village with one of the highest number of Population in the region. Sometimes, it refers to Patsho speaking group of people who are native to and belong to Patsho Village.[4]
Typology
Patsho Khiamniungan is related to sino-Tibetan[5] compounded by two words and can be define accordingly where Patsho is a village in Nagaland and Khiamniungan refers to one of the major tribe in Nagaland. Thus, forms the word Patsho Khiamniungan to associate with the language spoken by Patsho people.[6]
Phonology
The phonological inventory of Patsho Khiamniungan is as follows.
| labial/ labiodental | dental | palatal/ palato-alveolar | velar | glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stop, unasiprated | p | t | k | ʔ | |
| stop, aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | ||
| affricate, unaspirated | ts | tʃ | |||
| affricate, aspirated | tsʰ | tʃʰ | |||
| nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
| fricative | (v) | s | ʃ | ||
| approximant | w | l | j | h |
| a | ɛ | i |
| o | u | ü |
There are four phonemic tones in Patsho,
- high level /55/
- mid level /33/
- high falling /52/
- low /31/[8]
Language development
Orthography which is in Latin script has been written and published for language development and preservation for cultural identity. Along with other pedagogical materials and dictionary for the oral language.[9]
Writing system
Patsho Khiamniungan is written in Latin script with twenty eight(28) alphabets while some of them are combined to form one letter, for example t, s, h, are different and separate letters but also has tsh as one word like it is found in the word Patsho.[10]
References
- ↑ : From oral tradition to written language:/The Patsho Khiamniungan and Mongsen Ao dictionary projects
- ↑ : How the Cocks Started Crowing
- ↑ "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 2018-07-07.
- ↑ : From oral tradition to written language:/The Patsho Khiamniungan and Mongsen Ao dictionary projects
- ↑ Ethnologue.com language kix Khiamniungan Naga
- ↑ : Linguistic diversity and language contact in Nagaland
- ↑ [Patsho Range Students' Union (2023): Patsho Khiamniungan Orthography : Published by Patsho range students' Union in collaboration with dictionary team, Patsho Khiamniungan]
- ↑ [Patsho Range Students' Union (2023): Patsho Khiamniungan Orthography : Published by Patsho range students' Union in collaboration with dictionary team, Patsho Khiamniungan]
- ↑ : From oral tradition to written language: The Patsho Khiamniungan and Mongsen Ao dictionary projects
- ↑ [Patsho Range Students' Union (2023): Patsho Khiamniungan Orthography : Published by Patsho range students' Union in collaboration with dictionary team, Patsho Khiamniungan]