The following list of French general officers (Peninsular War) lists the générals (général de brigade and général de division) and maréchals d'Empire, that is, the French general officers who served in the First French Empire's Grande Armée in Spain and Portugal during the Peninsular War (1808–1814). The rank given refers to that held until 1814. The list includes foreign nationals who fought in French military units.
Overview
Napoleon had intended the campaign on the Peninsula to be a walkover, but what he would come to call the Spanish Ulcer,[1] ended up with him having had to send in thirteen of his maréchals (ten of whom were of the first promotion – of fourteen – and included Soult, one of only six men to have been appointed Marshal General of France in the history of France), as well as two "honorary" marshals, Kellermann and Lefebvre, and enter Madrid himself. Apart from the original 28,000 troops that had entered Spain under Junot, heading for Portugal, Napoleon would have to send in a further two hundred and seventy thousand men — more than half of the empire's total military strength.[1]
List
See also
References
- 1 2 Hindley, Meredith (January–February 2010). "The Spanish Ulcer: Napoleon, Britain, and the Siege of Cádiz". Humanities. National Endowment for the Humanities. 31 (1). Retrieved 27 August 2013.
- ↑ Grossman, Mark (2007). World Military Leaders: A Biographical Dictionary. Infobase Publishing. pp. 23–44. ISBN 978-0-8160-7477-8.
- ↑ (In French.) "Fonds général Bron de Bailly (1729-1847)", pp. 3, 6. Archives Nationales (France). Retrieved 13 January 2023.
- 1 2 Lipscombe, Nick (2014). Bayonne and Toulouse 1813–14: Wellington invades France. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-0279-8.
- ↑ Mullié, Charles (1852). . (in French). Paris: Poignavant et Compagnie.
- 1 2 Mullié, Charles (1852). . (in French). Paris: Poignavant et Compagnie.
- ↑ Mullié, Charles (1852). . (in French). Paris: Poignavant et Compagnie.
- ↑ Cayuela Fernández, José Gregorio; Gallego Palomares, José Ángel (2008). La Guerra de la Independencia. Historia bélica, pueblo y nación en España (1808-1814) (in Spanish). Universidad de Salamanca. p. 536. ISBN 978-84-7800-334-1. Retrieved 30 November 2019 – via Google Books.
- ↑ Jensen, Nathan D. "General François-Etienne Kellerman." Retrieved 23 March 2014.
- ↑ Gates, David (2001). The Spanish Ulcer: A History of the Peninsular War. Da Capo Press. p. 146. ISBN 978-0-7867-4732-0. Retrieved 23 March 2014 – via Google Books.
- 1 2 3 4 Oman, Charles (1902). A History of the Peninsula War, Vol. I, pp. 327, 613-614, 641. Project Gutenberg. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ↑ Oman, Charles (1903). A History of the Peninsula War, Vol. II, p. 626. Project Gutenberg. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ↑ Mullié, Charles (1852). . (in French). Paris: Poignavant et Compagnie.
- ↑ Mullié, Charles (1852). . (in French). Paris: Poignavant et Compagnie.