In signal processing, direction of arrival (DOA) denotes the direction from which usually a propagating wave arrives at a point, where usually a set of sensors are located. These set of sensors forms what is called a sensor array. Often there is the associated technique of beamforming which is estimating the signal from a given direction.[1][2] Various engineering problems addressed in the associated literature are:

Advanced sophisticated techniques perform joint direction of arrival and time of arrival (ToA) estimation to allow a more accurate localization of a node. This also has the merit of localizing more targets with less antenna resources. Indeed, it is well-known in the array processing community that, generally speaking, one can resolve targets via antennas. When JADE [4][5] (joint angle and delay) estimation is employed, one can go beyond this limit.

Typical DOA estimation methods

References

  1. Zhang, Qilin; Abeida, Habti; Xue, Ming; Rowe, William; Li, Jian (2012). "Fast implementation of sparse iterative covariance-based estimation for source localization". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 131 (2): 1249–1259. Bibcode:2012ASAJ..131.1249Z. doi:10.1121/1.3672656. PMID 22352499.
  2. Abeida, Habti; Zhang, Qilin; Li, Jian; Merabtine, Nadjim (2013). "Iterative Sparse Asymptotic Minimum Variance Based Approaches for Array Processing". IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). 61 (4): 933–944. arXiv:1802.03070. Bibcode:2013ITSP...61..933A. doi:10.1109/tsp.2012.2231676. ISSN 1053-587X. S2CID 16276001.
  3. M. Bondarenko and V.I. Slyusar. "Influence of jitter in ADC on precision of direction-finding by digital antenna arrays. // Radioelectronics and Communications Systems. - Volume 54, Number 8, 2011.- Pp. 436 - 445.-" (PDF). doi:10.3103/S0735272711080061.
  4. Vanderveen, Michaela C., Constantinos B. Papadias, and Arogyaswami Paulraj. "Joint angle and delay estimation (JADE) for multipath signals arriving at an antenna array." IEEE Communications letters 1.1 (1997): 12-14.
  5. Ahmad Bazzi and Dirk Slock. "Joint Angle and Delay Estimation (JADE) by Partial Relaxation." 2019 IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP). IEEE, 2019.
  6. Barabell, Arthur. "Improving the resolution performance of eigenstructure-based direction-finding algorithms." ICASSP'83. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. Vol. 8. IEEE, 1983.


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