2195 Tengström
Discovery[1]
Discovered byL. Oterma
Discovery siteTurku Obs.
Discovery date27 September 1941
Designations
(2195) Tengström
Named after
Erik Tengström
(Swedish geodesist)[2]
1941 SP1 · 1931 TC3
1934 PQ · 1936 DF
1943 GT · 1944 QD
1951 VA · 1973 GC1
1974 RC2 · 1976 GO4
main-belt · Flora[3]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc85.57 yr (31,253 days)
Aphelion2.4574 AU
Perihelion1.9861 AU
2.2217 AU
Eccentricity0.1061
3.31 yr (1,210 days)
317.69°
0° 17m 51.36s / day
Inclination4.5747°
100.96°
295.55°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions7.14±1.13 km[4]
7.17±0.41 km[5]
8.627±0.060 km[6]
8.732±0.044 km[7]
8.98 km (calculated)[3]
2.816±0.003 h[8]
2.82±0.05 h[9]
2.82092±0.00004 h[lower-alpha 1]
2.8210±0.0001 h[lower-alpha 2]
2.8211±0.0001 h[9]
2.82112±0.00007 h[lower-alpha 3]
2.82117±0.00005 h[9]
2.829±0.0007 h[10]
0.24 (assumed)[3]
0.3361±0.0301[7]
0.343±0.051[6]
0.39±0.15[4]
0.453±0.106[5]
M[7] · S[3]
12.1[7] · 12.20[5] · 12.237±0.001 (R)[10] · 12.27±0.23[11] · 12.30[4] · 12.4[1][3]

    2195 Tengström, provisional designation 1941 SP1, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 27 September 1941, by Finnish astronomer Liisi Oterma at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland,[12] and named for Swedish geodesist Erik Tengström.[2]

    Orbit and classification

    Tengström is a member of the Flora family of stony asteroids, one of the largest families of the main belt. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.0–2.5 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,210 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] It was first identified as 1931 TC3 at Lowell Observatory in 1931, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 10 years prior to its official discovery observation at Turku.[12]

    Physical characteristics

    Tengström has been characterized as a metallic M-type and stony S-type asteroid.[3][7]

    Rotation period

    Between 2006 and 2016, several well defined rotational lightcurves of Tengström were obtained by astronomers David Higgins, Petr Pravec, Pierre Antonini and René Roy (U=3/3/3/3/3).[9][lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2][lower-alpha 3] Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 2.821 hours with a brightness variation between 0.17 and 0.45 magnitude.[lower-alpha 4] For an asteroid of its size, Tengström has a relatively fast spin rate, not far from the 2.2-hour threshold for fast rotators.

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Tengström measures between 7.14 and 8.73 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a high albedo of 0.34 to 0.45. NEOWISE also classifies it as a metallic asteroid, despite its much higher albedo.[4][5][6][7] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the family's largest member and namesake – and calculates a diameter of 8.98 kilometers using an absolute magnitude of 12.4.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Swedish geodesist and astronomer Erik Tengström (1913–1996), emeritus professor at Uppsala University on the celebration of his 70th anniversary.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 28 March 1983 (M.P.C. 7782).[13]

    Notes

    1. 1 2 Pravec (2011) web: rotation period 2.82092±0.00004 hours; amplitude of 0.31 mag.; quality code of 3. Summary figures for (2195) Tengström at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) and Pravec, P.; Wolf, M.; Sarounova, L. (2011)
    2. 1 2 Pravec (2016) web: rotation period 2.8210±0.0001 hours; amplitude of 0.21 mag.; quality code of 3. Summary figures for (2195) Tengström at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) and Pravec, P.; Wolf, M.; Sarounova, L. (2016)
    3. 1 2 Higgins (2011) web: rotation period 2.82112±0.00007 hours; amplitude of 0.17 mag.; quality code of 3. Summary figures for (2195) Tengström at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL)
    4. Lightcurve plot from December 2011, 2.82092 hours and April 2016, 2.8210 hours by Pray, Kusnirak, Pravec Ondřejov Observatory – unpublished data

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2195 Tengstrom (1941 SP1)" (2017-05-04 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
    2. 1 2 3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2195) Tengström". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2195) Tengström. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 178. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2196. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "LCDB Data for (2195) Tengström". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    4. 1 2 3 4 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    5. 1 2 3 4 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    6. 1 2 3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    8. Higgins, David; Pravec, Petr; Kusnirak, Peter; Galad, Adrian; Kornos, Leos; Pray, Donald; et al. (December 2006). "Asteriod [sic] lightcurve analysis at Hunters Hill Observatory and collaborating stations - autumn 2006". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 33 (4): 89–91. Bibcode:2006MPBu...33...89H. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    9. 1 2 3 4 Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (2195) Tengström". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    10. 1 2 Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    11. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    12. 1 2 "2195 Tengstrom (1941 SP1)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    13. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
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