1982 in spaceflight
National firsts
Space traveller France
Rockets
Maiden flightsTitan 34D
RetirementsTitan IIIC
Titan IIID
Crewed flights
Orbital6
Total travellers16

The following is an outline of 1982 in spaceflight.

Launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January

7 January
15:38[1]
Soviet Union Kosmos-3M Soviet Union Plesetsk Site 132/2[1] Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos 1331 (Strela-2M) Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
14 January
07:51[1]
Soviet Union Kosmos-3M Soviet Union Plesetsk Site 132/2[1] Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos 1333 (Parus) Low Earth Communications
Navigation
In orbitSuccessful
16 January[2]
01:54[3]
United States Delta 3910/PAM-D United States Cape Canaveral LC-17A United States
United States Satcom 4[2] Geostationary[2] Communications[4]In orbitSuccessful[2]
21 January
19:30
United StatesTitan III(24)B United StatesVandenberg SLC-4W United States
United StatesOPS 2849 (KH-852) NRO Sun-synchronous Optical imaging23 MaySuccessful
29 January
11:00[1]
Soviet Union Kosmos-3M Soviet Union Plesetsk Site 132/2[1] Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos 1335 (Taifun-2) Low Earth Calibration5 April 1987Successful

February

11 February
01:11[1]
Soviet UnionTsyklon-2 Soviet UnionBaikonur Site 90 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos 1337 (US-PM1) Low Earth ELINT25 JulySpacecraft failure
Satellite propulsion or avionics system failed
17 February
21:56[1]
Soviet Union Kosmos-3M Soviet Union Plesetsk Site 132/2[1] Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos 1339 (Tsikada) Low Earth Navigationin orbit?Successful
26 February
00:04:44[1][5]
United StatesDelta 3910/PAM-D United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United States
United States Westar 4[5] Geostationary[5] Communications[6]In orbitSuccessful[5]

March

4 March Soviet Union Kosmos-3M Soviet Union Kapustin Yar Site 107/1[1] Soviet Union
Soviet Union Taifun-2 Intended: Low Earth Calibration4 MarchLaunch failure
5 March
00:23[7]
United StatesAtlas SLV-3D Centaur-D1AR United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36A United States
United NationsIntelsat VD F-4 Intelsat[7] Geosynchronous[7] Communications[8]In orbitSuccessful[7]
6 March
19:25[9]
United StatesTitan III(23)C[9] United StatesCape Canaveral LC-40 United States
United StatesOPS 8701 (DSP-10) US Air Force Geosynchronous[10] Early warning[9][11]In orbitSuccessful[9]
Final flight of Titan IIIC
22 March
16:00[12]
United StatesSpace Shuttle Columbia[12] United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-3 NASA Low Earth[13] Development test flight[14]30 March
16:05[15]
Successful[15]
United StatesDevelopment Flight Instrumentation NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Monitor orbiter performanceSuccessful
United StatesOSTA-1 NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Remote sensingSuccessful
Crewed orbital flight with two astronauts
Only Shuttle flight to land at White Sands Space Harbor
Shuttle Imaging Radar-A (SIR-1)
24 March
19:47[1]
Soviet Union Kosmos-3M Soviet Union Plesetsk Site 132/1[1] Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos 1344 (Parus) Low Earth Communications
Navigation
In orbitSuccessful
25 March
09:50[1]
Soviet UnionTsyklon-3 Soviet UnionPlesetsk Site 32/1[1] Soviet Union
Soviet UnionMeteor-2 No.8 Low Earth WeatherIn orbitSuccessful
31 March
09:00[1]
Soviet Union Kosmos-3M Soviet Union Plesetsk Site 132/2[1] Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos 1345 (Tselina-O) Low Earth ELINT27 September 1989Successful

April

8 April
00:15[1]
Soviet Union Kosmos-3M Soviet Union Plesetsk Site 132/2[1] Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos 1349 (Parus) Low Earth Communication
Navigation
In orbitSuccessful
10 April
06:47[1]
United States Delta 3910[16]/PAM-D United States Cape Canaveral LC-17A United States
India INSAT-1A[16] ISRO Geostationary[17] Communications[17]In orbitSpacecraft failure[18]
Attitude control system malfunction, ceased operations in September 1982[18]
19 April[19]
19:45:00[1]
Soviet Union Proton-K[20] Soviet Union Baikonur[20] Site 200/40 Soviet Union
Soviet Union Salyut 7[19] (DOS-6) Low Earth[19] Space station[19]7 February 1991[20]Successful[19]
Final space station launched as part of the Salyut programme
21 April
01:40[1]
Soviet Union Kosmos-3M Soviet Union Kapustin Yar Site 107/1 Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos 1351 (Taifun-2) Low Earth Calibration14 March 1983Successful
28 April
02:52[1]
Soviet Union Kosmos-3M Soviet Union Plesetsk Site 132/1[1] Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos 1354 (Strela-2) Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
29 April
09:55[1]
Soviet Union Tsyklon-2 Soviet Union Baikonur Site 90 Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos 1355 (US-PM1) Low Earth ELINT7 March 1984Successful

May

5 May
08:01[1]
Soviet Union Vostok-2M Soviet Union Plesetsk Site 16/2[1] Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos 1356 (Tselina-D No.35) Low Earth Communication
Navigation
8 July 2023[22]Successful
6 May
18:07[1]
Soviet Union Kosmos-3M Soviet Union Plesetsk Site 132/2 Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos 1357 (Strela-1M) Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Soviet Union Kosmos 1358 (Strela-1M) Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Soviet Union Kosmos 1359 (Strela-1M) Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Soviet Union Kosmos 1360 (Strela-1M) Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Soviet Union Kosmos 1361 (Strela-1M) Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Soviet Union Kosmos 1362 (Strela-1M) Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Soviet Union Kosmos 1363 (Strela-1M) Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Soviet Union Kosmos 1364 (Strela-1M) Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
11 May
18:35
United States Titan III(23)D United StatesVandenberg SLC-4E United States
United StatesOPS 5642 (KH-9-17) NRO Sun-synchronous Optical imaging5 DecemberSuccessful
United StatesOPS 6553 (SSF-D) NRO Sun-synchronous ELINTIn orbitSuccessful
13 May
09:58
Soviet UnionSoyuz-U Soviet UnionBaikonur Site 1/5 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionSoyuz T-5 Low Earth (Salyut 7) Salyut 7 EO-127 August
15:04
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with two cosmonauts, first mission to Salyut 7
14 May
19:39
Soviet Union Tsyklon-2 Soviet Union Baikonur Site 90 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos 1365 (US-A) Low Earth Radar imaging19 OctoberSuccessful
23 May
05:58
Soviet Union Soyuz-U Soviet Union Baikonur Site 1/5 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionProgress 13 Low Earth (Salyut 7) Logistics6 June
00:05
Successful

June

1 June
04:37
Soviet UnionKosmos-3M Soviet UnionPlesetsk LC132 or LC133 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos-1371 (875 kg) military LEO, inclination 74.0 degrees comsatin orbit?Successful
1 June
13:58
Soviet UnionTsyklon-2 Soviet UnionBaikonur LC 90 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos-1372 (3800 kg) military LEO, inclination 65.1 degrees Reconnaissance9 September 1982Successful
3 June
21:30
Soviet UnionKosmos-3MP Soviet UnionKapustin Yar LC 107 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionBOR-4 (1074 kg) military fractional LEO, inclination 50.6 degrees Test3 June 1982Successful
6 June
17:10
Soviet UnionKosmos-3M Soviet UnionPlesetsk LC132 or LC133 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos-1375 (750 kg) military LEO, inclination 65.8 degrees Anti-satellite weapon target18 June 1982 (destroyed in orbit)Successful
9 June
00:24[23]
United StatesDelta 3910 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United States
United States Westar 5[23] 1,280 pounds (580 kg)[23] Commercial[23] Geostationary orbit[23] Communications satellite[23]unknownSuccessful[23]
10 June
17:37
Soviet UnionTsyklon-3 Soviet UnionPlesetsk LC 32 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos-1378 (2500 kg) military LEO, inclination 82.5 degrees ELINTin orbit as in 2012Successful
18 June
11:04
Soviet UnionTsyklon-2 Soviet UnionBaikonur LC 90 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos-1379 (1400 kg) military LEO, inclination 65.8 degrees Anti-satellite weapon18 June 1982, destroyed while in orbitSuccessful, destroyed Kosmos-1375
18 June
11:58
Soviet UnionKosmos-3M Soviet UnionPlesetsk LC132 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos-1380 (810 kg) military LEO, inclination 82.9 degrees comsat and navigation27 June 1982Partial launch failure
Second stage malfunction during first burn resulted in low transfer orbit apogee. Satellite was deployed in lower than planned orbit.
24 June
16:29
Soviet UnionSoyuz-U Soviet UnionBaikonur Site 1/5 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionSoyuz T-6 Low Earth (Salyut 7) Salyut 7 EP-12 July
14:20
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts including the first French space traveller
27 June
15:00
United StatesSpace Shuttle Columbia United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-4 NASA Low Earth Developmental test flight4 July
16:09
Successful
United StatesClassified US Air Force In orbitSuccessful
United StatesGetaway Special Utah State Low Earth In orbitSuccessful
Crewed orbital flight with two astronauts, final developmental test flight
29 June
21:45
Soviet UnionKosmos-3M Soviet UnionPlesetsk LC132 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos-1383 (810 kg) military LEO, inclination 82.9 degrees navigation, technologyin orbit?Successful

July

7 July
09:47
Soviet UnionKosmos-3M Soviet UnionPlesetsk LC132 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos-1386(Parus class) military LEO, inclination 83.0 degrees navigation, Communicationin orbitSuccessful
10 July
09:57
Soviet UnionSoyuz-U Soviet UnionBaikonur Soviet Union
Soviet UnionProgress 14 Low Earth (Salyut 7) Logistics13 August
01:29
Successful
16 July
17:59
United StatesDelta 3920 United StatesVandenberg SLC-2W United States
United States Landsat 4 (1972kg) Civilian SSO Satellite imageryin orbit as in 2007Successful
21 July
06:31
Soviet UnionKosmos-3M Soviet UnionPlesetsk LC132 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos-1388 – Kosmos 1395(Strela-1M class) military LEO, inclination 74.0 degrees Communicationin orbitSuccessful
29 July
19:40
Soviet UnionKosmos-3M Soviet UnionPlesetsk LC132 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos-1397(Romb class) military LEO, inclination 50.6 degrees Calibrationin orbitSuccessful

August

19 August
17:11
Soviet UnionSoyuz-U Soviet UnionBaikonur Site 1/5 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionSoyuz T-7 Low Earth (Salyut 7) Salyut 7 EP-210 December
19:02
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
26 August
23:10
United StatesDelta 3920 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United States
Canada Anik D1 (1238kg) Commercial GTO Communications satelliteunknownSuccessful
30 August
10:06
Soviet UnionTsyklon-2 Soviet UnionBaikonur LC 90 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos 1402 (3800 kg) military LEO, inclination 65.0 degrees Reconnaissance23 January 1983 (bus)
7 February 1983 (nuclear core)
Successful
30 August
unknown
Soviet UnionKosmos-3M Soviet UnionPlesetsk LC132 Soviet Union
Soviet Unionnot assigned military none unknown30 AugustFailure to orbit

September

3 September
05:00
JapanN-I JapanOsaki LC Japan
JapanKiku 4 (ETS 3) (385 kg) civilian LEO, inclination 44.6 degrees unknownunknownSuccessful
4 September
17:50
Soviet UnionTsyklon-2 Soviet UnionBaikonur LC 90 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos 1405 (3000 kg) military LEO, inclination 65.0 degrees ELINT5 February 1984Successful
9 September
02:12
European UnionAriane 1 FranceKourou ELA FranceArianespace
European UnionMARECS B ESA Intended: Geosynchronous Communications9 SeptemberLaunch Failure
Sirio 2 Intended: Geosynchronous
Third stage turbopump malfunction
9 September
15:12
United States Conestoga I United States Matagorda Island United States Space Services Inc.
United States Test payload Space Services Inc. Suborbital Test flight9 SeptemberSuccessful
First private rocket to reach space. Apogee: ~ 309 kilometers (192 miles)[24][25]
16 September
04:55
Soviet Union Tsyklon-3 Soviet Union Plesetsk Site 32/2 Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos 1408 (2500 kg) Ministry of Defense LEO, inclination 82.6 degrees ELINTDestroyed on 15 November 2021Successful; later destroyed in ASAT test
Satellite was destroyed by an anti-satellite missile test on 15 November 2021.[26]
18 September
04:58
Soviet UnionSoyuz-U Soviet UnionBaikonur Soviet Union
Soviet UnionProgress 15 Low Earth (Salyut 7) Logistics16 October
17:06
Successful
24 September
09:15
Soviet Union Tsyklon-3 Soviet Union Plesetsk Site 32/1 Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos-1410 (2200 kg) Ministry of Defense LEO, inclination 82.6 degrees Geodesyin orbit as in 2012Successful
28 September
23:17[1][lower-alpha 1]
United StatesAtlas-Centaur SLV-3D United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36B United States
United NationsIntelsat V F-5 Intelsat Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful

October

2 October
??:??
Soviet UnionTsyklon-2 Soviet UnionBaikonur LC 90 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos 1412 (3800 kg) military LEO, inclination 64.8 degrees Reconnaissance4 December 1982Successful
19 October
??:??
Soviet UnionKosmos-3M Soviet UnionPlesetsk LC132 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos-1417(Parus class) military LEO, inclination 83.0 degrees navigation, Communicationin orbitSuccessful
21 October
01:40[1]
Soviet Union Kosmos-3M Soviet Union Kapustin Yar LC 107 Soviet Union
Soviet Union Kosmos 1418 (Taifun-1B class) military LEO Radar target30 September 1983Successful
28 October
??:??
United StatesDelta 3924 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United States
United States Aurora 1 (Satcom 5) (1102kg) Commercial GTO Communications satelliteunknownSuccessful
30 October
04:05
United StatesTitan 34D/IUS United StatesCape Canaveral LC-40 United States
United StatesOPS-9945 (DSCS II F-16) US Air Force Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
United StatesDSCS III A-1 US Air Force Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Maiden flight of Titan 34D and Inertial Upper Stage
31 October
11:20
Soviet UnionSoyuz-U Soviet UnionBaikonur Soviet Union
Soviet UnionProgress 16 Low Earth (Salyut 7) Logistics14 December
17:17
Successful

November

11 November
??:??
Soviet UnionKosmos-3M Soviet UnionPlesetsk LC132 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos 1420(Strela-2 class) military LEO, inclination 74.0 degrees Communicationin orbitSuccessful
11 November
12:19
United StatesSpace Shuttle Columbia United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-5 NASA Low Earth Satellite deployment16 November
14:33
Successful
United StatesSBS-3 SBS Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
CanadaAnik C3 Telesat Canada Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
West GermanyGetaway Special West Germany Low Earth Microgravity research16 NovemberSuccessful
Crewed orbital flight with four astronauts; First "operational" Shuttle flight
Anik C3 retired 18 June 1997
17 November
21:22
United StatesTitan IIID United StatesVandenberg SLC-4E United States
United StatesOPS-9627 (KH-11-5) NRO Sun-synchronous Reconnaissance13 August 1985Successful
Final flight of Titan IIID
24 November
??:??
Soviet UnionKosmos-3M Soviet UnionPlesetsk LC132 Soviet Union
Soviet Unionnot assigned military none Communication24 NovemberFailure to orbit

December

21 December
02:38
United StatesAtlas E/Star-37S-ISS United StatesVandenberg SLC-3W United States
United StatesDMSP 5D-2 F6 US Air Force Sun-synchronous MeteorologyIn orbitSuccessful
29 December
??:??
Soviet UnionKosmos-3M Soviet UnionPlesetsk LC132 Soviet Union
Soviet UnionKosmos 1427 (Tafun-1B class) military LEO, inclination 65.8 degrees Radar target5 October 1989Successful

Deep-space rendezvous

Date (GMT) Spacecraft Event Remarks
1 MarchVenera 13landed on Venus[29]
5 MarchVenera 14landed on Venus[30]
30 MarchISEE-3/ICE1st flyby of the MoonClosest approach: 19,570 kilometres (12,160 mi)
23 AprilISEE-3/ICE2nd flyby of the MoonClosest approach: 21,137 kilometres (13,134 mi)
27 SeptemberISEE-3/ICE3rd flyby of the MoonClosest approach: 22,790 kilometres (14,160 mi)

EVAs

Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Remarks
30 July
02:39
2 hours
33 minutes
05:12 Salyut 7 EO-1 Soviet UnionAnatoly Berezovoy
Soviet UnionValentin Lebedev
Performing the first EVA from Salyut 7, Lebedev anchored himself with a foot restraint, while Berezovoy assisted from the hatch. After collecting and placing samples on the exterior surface of the spacecraft, Lebedev tested methods for assembly and disassembly work in space, including the Istok panel experiment of turning bolts with a special wrench.

Notes

  1. Originally scheduled for night of 23 September. Postponed – originally to 28 October – due to power supply failure in another, identical, satellite.[27] The launch was moved back up to 28 September after engineers realized the failure was not caused by a design flaw.[28]

References

  • Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
  • Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
  • Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
  • Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
  • Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  • McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".
  • Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
  • Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
  • Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
  • Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
  • "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
  • "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
  • "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
  • "Space Information Center". JAXA.
  • "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
Generic references:
 Spaceflight portal

Footnotes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Archived from the original on 23 January 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2012.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Satcom rockets aloft". The Orlando Sentinel. Cape Canaveral, Florida: Tribune Publishing. United Press International. 16 January 1982. p. 4. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  3. "Launch/Orbital information for RCA-SATCOM 4". NSSDCA Master Catalog. NASA. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  4. "General information about RCA-SATCOM 4". NSSDCA Master Catalog. NASA. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Westar IV satellite launched". Springfield Leader and Press. Cape Canaveral, Florida: Gannett. Associated Press. 26 February 1982. p. 7. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  6. "General information about Westar 4". NSSDCA Master Catalog. NASA. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  7. 1 2 3 4 "NASA launches Intelsat for phone, TV hookups". The Orlando Sentinel. Cape Canaveral, Florida: Tribune Publishing. Sentinel Star Services. 5 March 1982. p. 175. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  8. "General information about INTELSAT 5 F-4". NSSDCA Master Catalog. NASA. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "Satellite Launch Startles Residents Around Cape". The Tampa Tribune. Cape Canaveral, Florida. United Press International. 7 March 1982. p. 30. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  10. "Launch/Orbital information for DSP F10". NSSDCA Master Catalog. NASA. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  11. "General information about DSP F10". NSSDCA Master Catalog. NASA. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  12. 1 2 Toner, Mike (23 March 1982). "Up, Columbia! 3rd Time a Charm". Miami Herald. Cape Canaveral, Florida. p. 28. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  13. "Launch/Orbital information for STS 3/OSS 1". NSSDCA Master Catalog. NASA. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  14. "General information about STS 3/OSS 1". NSSDCA Master Catalog. NASA. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  15. 1 2 Locke, Robert (31 March 1982). "Tardy space shuttle touches down". Arizona Daily Star. White Sands Missile Range: Pulitzer, Inc. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  16. 1 2 Fineman, Mark (10 April 1982). "Delta launch is revolution on a rocket for rural India". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Cape Canaveral, Florida. p. 1. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  17. 1 2 Fineman, Mark (10 April 1982). "Delta launch is a revolution on a rocket for India". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Cape Canaveral, Florida. p. 2. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  18. 1 2 Fineman, Mark (9 September 1982). "U.S.-made Indian satellite now just space junk". The Dispatch. New Delhi. Knight News Wire. p. 10. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 Trimborn, Harry (21 April 1982). "Soviets Orbit Space Lab for East-West Operation". Los Angeles Times. p. 16. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  20. 1 2 3 "Launch/Orbital information for Salyut 7". NSSDCA Master Catalog. NASA. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  21. "COSMOS 1356". N2YO.com. 8 July 2023. Retrieved 19 August 2023.
  22. "COSMOS 1356". N2YO.com. 8 July 2023. Retrieved 19 August 2023.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Adams, Peter (9 June 1982). "WESTAR V flies on time". Florida Today. Brevard County, Florida: Gannett. p. 16A. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  24. "The launch of Conestoga 1". Space Services Inc. Archived from the original on 3 August 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2015.
  25. Wade, Mark. "Matagorda Island". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 10 February 2014. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
  26. Foust, Jeff (15 November 2021). "Russia destroys satellite in ASAT test". SpaceNews. Archived from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  27. "Satellite Launch Rescheduled". Naples Daily News. Vol. 60, no. 54. Associated Press. 24 September 1982. p. 2B. Retrieved 16 August 2023 via Newspapers.com.
  28. Adams, Peter (29 September 1982). "Intelsat 5 hurtles to space". Florida Today. Retrieved 16 August 2023 via Newspapers.com.
  29. "Soviet Spaceship Lands on Venus". The Tribune. United Press International. 2 March 1982. p. 1. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  30. "Soviets land 2nd unmanned craft on Venus". The Orlando Sentinel. Moscow: Tribune Publishing. United Press International. 6 March 1982. p. 9. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021 via Newspapers.com.


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