Re'im music festival massacre
Part of the 2023 Hamas attack on Israel
Militant capturing a man during the massacre
Re'im is located in Israel
Re'im
Re'im
Site of the attack in Israel
LocationEshkol Regional Council, Israel
Coordinates31°23′52″N 34°28′18″E / 31.39778°N 34.47167°E / 31.39778; 34.47167
Date7 October 2023 (2023-10-07)
Starting c. 7 am (UTC+3)
TargetCivilians
Attack type
Mass shooting, hostage-taking
WeaponsFirearms including AK-type assault rifles, RPGs, hand grenades[1]
Deaths364; also 40 captured[2]
Perpetrator Hamas-led

On 7 October 2023, the Palestinian Islamist militant group Hamas initiated a surprise invasion of Israel from the Gaza Strip. As part of the attack, 364 civilians were killed and many more wounded by Hamas at the Supernova Sukkot Gathering, an open-air music festival during the Jewish holiday of Shemini Atzeret near kibbutz Re'im. At least 40 hostages were also taken.[3][4][5][6][7][8] This mass killing had the largest number of casualties out of a number of massacres targeting Israeli civilians in settlements adjacent to the Gaza Strip, that occurred as part of the 7 October invasion, alongside those at the settlements of Netiv HaAsara, Be'eri, Kfar Aza, Nir Oz and Holit.[9]

At 6:30 am around sunrise, rockets were noticed in the sky.[1] Around 7:00 am, a siren warned of an incoming rocket attack, prompting festivalgoers to flee.[10] Subsequently, armed militants, dressed in military attire and using motorcycles, trucks and powered paragliders, surrounded the festival grounds and indiscriminately fired on individuals attempting to escape. Attendees seeking refuge in nearby locations, such as bomb shelters, bushes, and orchards, were killed while in hiding. Those who reached the road and parking were trapped in a traffic jam as militants fired at vehicles. The militants executed some wounded individuals at point-blank range as they crouched on the ground.[11][12]

The details of the whereabouts and condition of the hostages are not publicly known.[6][7][13] The massacre at the festival was the largest terror attack in Israel's history,[1][14][12] and the worst Israeli civilian massacre ever.[15]

Gathering and festivities

Supernova Sukkot Gathering was a weekend-long outdoor trance music festival that began on 6 October 2023[16][17] and was produced by an organizer called Nova[18][8] (also referred to as Tribe of Nova).[19] It was the Israeli edition (pre-festival event) of Universo Paralello, a psytrance festival started 23 years prior in Bahia, Brazil.[17] It took place in the western Negev desert,[8] approximately 5 km (3.1 mi) from the Gaza–Israel barrier, near kibbutz Re'im.[6][18] The line-up included artists well-known in the psytrance scene, such as Astral Projection and Man With No Name.[17] The organizers switched to the site only two days before, after the original location in southern Israel did not work out.[20] Scheduled to coincide with Jewish holidays: the final day of Sukkot (6 October) and Simchat Torah (7 October),[6] the rave was billed as a celebration of "friends, love and infinite freedom".[18] The festival site had three stages, a camping zone, and an area with a bar and food.[6] Attendees described the crowd as mostly consisting of Israelis of ages 20–40 from across the country.[8] Attendance was reported to be 3,500 but figures vary.[21][lower-alpha 1] Security guards and police were present at the festival.[8][20]

Hamas' assault

The musical festival was one of the first targets of Hamas' surprise attack against Israel in the early morning hours of 7 October 2023.[18] Israeli security services investigations have found it unlikely that Hamas had advanced knowledge of the festival, citing, among other evidence, that the festival had been planned to run until Friday, October 6 and was only extended to Saturday the prior Wednesday.[22] One attendee stated that after cutting the electricity, a group of approximately 50 Hamas gunmen arrived in vans and sprayed gunfire in all directions.[6] Some of the Hamas gunmen who attacked the festival infiltrated Israel via motorized paragliders,[23] arriving around 6:30 am.[23][24]

As festival attendees fled in panic, jeeps filled with gunmen began firing at the escaping cars.[18][8] Gunmen also blockaded roads.[18] The open terrain left few places to hide.[18] Many attendees who hid in the trees were murdered as militants methodically shot them.[6] Others who hid in bushes and orchards managed to survive.[6] The massacre took place amid a rocket siren, signaling a barrage of rockets fired into Israel.[8] Independently verified drone footage of the site showed dozens of scorched, burnt cars and skid marks.[25] Footage of the attack, posted on a Telegram channel, included graphic depictions of murder and hostage-taking.[25][21]

The Hamas militants kidnapped an initially unknown number of participants however later reports gave the number at 40; videos on social media showed them being seized.[26] The abducted concertgoers were taken to the Gaza Strip,[24] where some were filmed in Hamas propaganda videos.[27] Relatives and friends of the missing searched for information about the missing.[24][28] Those abducted by Hamas militants included a British man,[29] and a 25-year-old Israeli woman Noa Argamani.[30] Three dual Brazilian-Israeli nationals who had attended the festival were also missing.[31]

During the massacre, according to survivor and emergency responder testimony Hamas militants raped women attendees. According to survivor testimony released by Lahav 433, a young woman was gang raped by Hamas militants before being murdered. The testimony was published in Hebrew- and English-language Israel news outlets. According to Haaretz, police reporter Josh Breiner, ZAKA emergency response personnel found naked women with injuries and their genitals mutilated, with others found bound and naked below their waists.[32][33] The Israel Defense Forces have not verified the claims.[34][35]

Casualties

Photographs from the aftermath of the attack show dozens of bodies at the festival grounds, including a badly burned body bound by cable ties.[36] ZAKA, Israel's volunteer community emergency response group, reported retrieving at least 260 bodies from the party grounds.[18][37][38] The death toll was expected to rise, as other paramedic organizations also responded to the scene.[38] The final figure communicated by police on 17 November was 364 dead, including 17 police officers, and 40 abducted.[39][2]

One of those killed was a British man serving in the Israeli military.[29] Lior Asulin, a retired football striker who had played for Hapoel Tel Aviv Football Club, was also among those killed in the massacre.[40] Journalists Shai Regev and Ayelet Arnin, who worked for the Ma'ariv newspaper and KAN broadcaster respectively, were also killed in the attack.[41][42] The event's organizers, twins Osher Vaknin and Michael Vaknin, were killed in the attack as well.[43][44]

Investigation

Abandoned and damaged cars parked at the festival (12 October)

As of 14 October 2023, German authorities were aware of eight of its nationals having been taken as hostage in the overall events of 7 October 2023, including the case of Shani Louk,[45] which gained great public interest.[46][47] They opened a criminal probe against unknown Hamas members to investigate "belonging to a foreign terrorist group, hostage-taking and murder".[48][46][49] [50]

According to reports published on 17 November, the police concluded based on interrogations and their own investigations that Hamas did not know about the festival beforehand but came across it by accident and decided to attack it.[39] Israeli security authorities suggested that Hamas likely lacked advance knowledge of the festival. Senior officials estimated that Hamas may have become aware of the event through drones or individuals parachuting, and subsequently directed terrorists to the location using their communication system.[39] According to Haaretz's journalist Josh Breiner, a police source said that a police investigation indicated an IDF helicopter which had fired on Hamas militants "apparently also hit some festival participants" in Re'im music festival.[51][52] The Israeli police denied the Haaretz report[53] and said they found no evidence of civilian harm resulting from the aerial activities at that location.[53][51]

According to Haaretz, Israel's domestic intelligence agency Shin Bet and IDF military commanders discussed a possible threat to the festival just hours before the attack. However, no warnings were given to the organizers of the festival.[54][55]

Response

Hamas initially denied the occurrence of the massacre and the killing of civilians.[56] Later, it claimed that forces under Hamas never targeted civilians but that the massacre may have been carried out by independent groups of Gazan civilians after Hamas had defeated the Israeli forces in the region.[57] In response to this massacre, as well as other massacres and attacks in Operation Aqsa Flood, Israel declared a formal war on Hamas and began Operation Iron Sword.

On 19 November, the Palestinian Authority (PA) denied that Hamas conducted the massacre in a statement sent to foreign ministries worldwide and to the United Nations. The PA claimed that Israeli helicopters bombed civilians after the Hannibal Directive was activated, though the directive is claimed by Israel to have been canceled in 2016.[58][59] The PA then withdrew the claim and told the U.S. National Security Council that this was not its official position.[60]

Family members of the victims of the festival and the Psyduck festival gathered together to create the Party Youth Forum to demand the establishment of a third party investigation committee to potentially identify any negligence leading up to the 7 October attacks.[61]

On October 9, two days after the massacre, Irish rock band U2 paid tribute to the victims during a Las Vegas concert by dedicating "Pride (In The Name of Love)" and modifying lyrics to reference the event.[62][63] Five Israeli DJs, including Skazi, performed a set during a memorial on 28 November 2023, at the site of the music festival.[64] Film makers Reinhardt Beetz, Duki Dror and Danna Stern made a documentary about it called Supernova: The Music Festival Massacre.[65][66]

On December 6, a documentary titled "#NOVA" was aired on the Yes Docu channel, recreating the events of the festival. The documentary uses videos taken on site, phone call recordings and WhatsApp conversations.[67][68] As a precedent, YES announced that it would allow any channel TV and broadcaster to broadcast the film at no cost and also uploaded the full film to the official YouTube channel.[69][70][71]

"Supernova: Music Festival Massacre" is another documentary about Hamas terror attack on festival participants. Created by Yossi Bloch, Noam Pinchas, and Duki Dror, the documentary narrates the experiences of survivors through interviews and real-time video footage. It also incorporates a limited amount of video captured by the perpetrators. It has been acquired by broadcasters in U.K., France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Denmark and other countries worldwide.[72][73]

In December 2023, activists, including producers of the festival, organized the "6:29" installation at Expo Tel Aviv, which recreates the massacre site in detail. It is one of the first physical memorials of the October 7 attack. The exhibit, named for the minute the music at the festival ceased in response to sirens of incoming rockets, includes a reconstructed dance floor, incinerated cars, bullet-ridden portable toilets, piles of personal items, and tributes to the victims.[74][75]

Compensation for survivors

Eran Litman, the father of Oriya Litman who was murdered by Hamas at Re'im music festival massacre, speaks at event in Haifa

The National social security agency in Israel formally recognized the trauma and damages suffered by the survivors of the festival. Survivors can submit claims for recognition as victims of work-related injuries and as casualties of hostile actions. Individuals are eligible for various privileges, including financial aid, medical and psychological assistance, legal representation, and compensation for any property losses or damages.[76][77]

On 1 January 2024, 42 survivors of the massacre filed a lawsuit seeking 200 million NIS in damages from IDF, Shin Bet security service and the Israel Police.[78][79]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ After the attack, relatives searching for missing loved ones said more than one thousand were at the event at the time of the attack.[18] Some festival attendees estimated 3,000–4,000 people.[18] An emergency medic who responded to the massacre at the festival placed attendance at 3,000.[6]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Debre, Isabel (9 October 2023). "Israeli survivors recount terror at music festival, where Hamas militants killed at least 260". ABC News. Archived from the original on 11 October 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
  2. 1 2 "TV: Police probe of Re'im massacre shows terrorists didn't know about party in advance". The Times of Israel. 17 November 2023. Archived from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  3. ↑ "Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities". The Times of Israel. 17 November 2023. Archived from the original on 17 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  4. ↑ "New footage shows British-Israeli soldier toss grenades back at Hamas". Sky News. 15 November 2023. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  5. ↑ "Cpl. Liel Vainshtein, 19: Former child star slain at music festival". The Times of Israel. 30 October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Gillett, Francesca (8 October 2023). "How an Israel music festival turned into a nightmare after Hamas attack". BBC News. Archived from the original on 8 October 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  7. 1 2 Tabachnick, Cara (8 October 2023). "Israelis search for loved ones with posts and pleas on social media". CBS News. Archived from the original on 8 October 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Borschel-Dan, Amanda (7 October 2023). "Thousands flee rocket and gunfire at all-night desert 'Nature Party'; dozens missing". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  9. ↑ Times, The New York (10 October 2023). "Hamas Leaves Trail of Terror in Israel". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 11 October 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
  10. ↑ "Hamas gunmen open fire on hundreds at music festival in southern Israel". CBS News. 8 October 2023. Archived from the original on 8 October 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
  11. ↑ DeBre, Isabel; Biesecker, Michael (9 October 2023). "Israeli survivors recount terror at music festival, where Hamas militants killed at least 260". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 11 October 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
  12. 1 2 "What to know about the deadly Hamas attack on an Israeli music festival". Al Jazeera. 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 11 October 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
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  14. ↑ Israel has suffered the biggest terror attack in its history. How will it respond? Archived 10 October 2023 at the Wayback Machine, The Economist, October 9th 2023
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  20. 1 2 Bain, Katie (8 October 2023). "Artist Manager Describes Israeli Rave Massacre: 'It Turned Into a Nightmare'". Billboard. Archived from the original on 9 October 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
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  51. 1 2 Breiner, Josh (18 November 2023). "Israeli Security Establishment: Hamas Likely Didn't Have Advance Knowledge of Nova Festival". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 19 November 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023. According to a police source, the investigation also indicates that an IDF combat helicopter that arrived to the scene and fired at terrorists there apparently also hit some festival participants.
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  58. ↑ Halabi, Einav (19 November 2023). "Palestinian Authority denies Hamas music festival massacre". Ynetnews. Archived from the original on 20 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
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  62. ↑ Israel, Janine (10 October 2023). "U2 change lyrics to Pride to honour 'beautiful kids' killed at Israeli music festival". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 12 December 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
  63. ↑ "U2 and Bono Change Lyrics in Tribute to Victims of Israel Massacre". Yahoo News. 9 October 2023. Archived from the original on 12 December 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
  64. ↑ Beardsley, Eleanor (28 November 2023). "Israel holds memorial at the music festival site where Hamas killed 364 people". NPR. Archived from the original on 30 November 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  65. ↑ Keslassy, Elsa (20 December 2023). "'Supernova,' Documentary About Hamas Attack on Music Festival in Israel, Unveils First Trailer (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Archived from the original on 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
  66. ↑ Keslassy, Elsa (20 December 2023). "'Supernova,' Documentary About Hamas Attack on Music Festival in Israel, Acquired for France, Germany, Italy and More (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Archived from the original on 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
  67. ↑ Whittock, Jesse (6 December 2023). "Israeli Doc About Hamas Attack On Music Festival Set For Yes TV Ahead Of International Sales Launch". Deadline. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  68. ↑ שילוני, סמדר (7 December 2023). "שדות הקטל: סרט הדוקו על פסטיבל נובה הוא מסמך מטלטל אך חשוב לצפייה". Ynet (in Hebrew). Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  69. ↑ בוקר, רן (11 December 2023). "yes מציעה את שידור הסרט #NOVA בחינם לכל הערוצים". Ynet (in Hebrew). Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  70. ↑ Algemeiner, The (6 December 2023). "'It Needs to Be Seen': Israeli Broadcaster Releases Documentary of 'Real-Time Footage' From Music Festival Massacre - Algemeiner.com 'It Needs to Be Seen': Leading Israeli Broadcaster Releases Documentary of 'Solely Real-Time Footage' From Supernova Music Festival Attack". www.algemeiner.com. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  71. ↑ "#NOVA הסרט המלא לצפייה ישירה" [#NOVA the full movie online - yes Docu]. Youtube (in Hebrew).
  72. ↑ Ghermezian, Shiryn (21 December 2023). "'Supernova: Music Festival Massacre' Documentary About Hamas Attack Acquired by Worldwide Broadcasters - Algemeiner.com Documentary 'Supernova: Music Festival Massacre' About Hamas Attack Acquired by Worldwide Broadcasters". www.algemeiner.com. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  73. ↑ "KAN 11 to broadcast documentary of Nova massacre". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 20 December 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  74. ↑ Freedman, Eliyahu (4 January 2024). "A Tel Aviv exhibit recreates the Nova massacre site in exacting detail, with healing as an aim". Jerusalem Post. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  75. ↑ Kershner, Isabel (15 December 2023). "As Israel Weighs How to Honor Oct. 7 Victims, Festival Exhibit Serves as 'Hallowed Space'". New York Times. Archived from the original on 17 December 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  76. ↑ "Victims of the Nova and Psyduck festivals -". www.btl.gov.il. Archived from the original on 19 December 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  77. ↑ List of rights of Nova and Psyduck festival survivors (heb)
  78. ↑ "Nova Rave Survivors Sue Israeli Security Agencies for 200 Million Shekels for Failing to Prevent Hamas' Massacre". Haaretz. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  79. ↑ "Nova survivors seek NIS 200m. in damages from IDF, Shin Bet, Police". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 1 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
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