Lima is a Portuguese language surname.

• Adriana Lima (born 1981), Brazilian model
• Ana Clara Lima (born 1997), Brazilian television presenter and reporter
• Antônio Lima dos Santos (born 1942), known as Lima, Brazilian international footballer
• Brian Lima (born 1972), Samoan rugby union player
• Bruno Lima (born 1996), Argentine volleyball player
• Devin Lima (1977–2018), American singer, member of the band LFO
• Douglas Lima (born 1988), Brazilian mixed martial artist
• Elon Lages Lima (1929–2017), Brazilian mathematician
• Fernanda Lima (born 1977), Brazilian actress
• Floriana Lima, American actress
• Francisco Roberto Lima (1917–?), Salvadoran politician
• Francisco Lima (born 1971), footballer
• Guilherme Natan de Lima (born 1999), known as Lima, Brazilian footballer
• Jeff Lima, New Zealand rugby league player
• João Maria Lima do Nascimento (born 1982), known as Lima, Brazilian footballer
• José Lima (1972–2010), Dominican baseball player
• José-Filipe Lima (born 1981), Portuguese European Tour golfer
• Maurício Lima (born 1968), Brazilian volleyball player
• Pedro Lima (swimmer) (born 1971), former Olympic swimmer from Angola
• Pedro Lima (boxer) (born 1983), Brazilian boxer
• Peter Lima, Samoan rugby league footballer
• Ricarda Lima (born 1970), Brazilian volleyball player
• Rodrigo José Lima dos Santos (born 1983), Brazilian footballer
• Rodrigo Lima (fighter) (born 1991), Brazilian mixed martial artist
• Rodrigo Lima (born 1999), Cape Verdean footballer
• Rossy Evelin Lima (born 1989), Mexican-American poet and professor
• Salvatore Lima (1928–1992), Italian politician, see also the Mafia
• Steven Lima, American politician
• Vanderlei de Lima (born 1969), Brazilian marathon runner
• Luis Augusto Turcios Lima (1941-1966), was a Guatemalan army officer and leader of the Rebel Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas Rebeldes, or FAR).
• Vicente Solano Lima (1901-1984), Argentine politician and newspaper publisher, who served as Vice President of the Nation from May 25, 1973 to July 13, 1973.
• Venceslau de Lima (1858-1919), was a Portuguese geologist, paleontologist, viticulturist, and politician who, among other functions, served as a member of Parliament, a minister, and as President of the Council of Ministers (now Prime Minister).
• Nehemia De Lima (1882-1940), was a banker and leader of the Zionist and socialist Dutchman. Bank Hapoalim founder of the Netherlands, "De Zentrale" (De Centrale Arbeiders Verzekerings) and director of the Jewish National Fund (JNF) in 1919-1921.
• Joseph Suasso Lima (1791–1858), South African writer and journalist.
• Frank Lima (1939-2013), was an American poet most closely associated with the New York School.
• José Lezama Lima (1910-1976), was a Cuban novelist, essayist and poet, is considered one of the most influential figures in Latin American literature.
• Frank De Lima (born July 8, 1949), an American comedian from Hawaii. He is of Portuguese, Hawaiian, Irish, Chinese, English, Spanish, and Scottish descent.
• Manolo Lima (1919-1990), known in the field of painting as Manolo Lima , was a painter and teacher Uruguay.

It is also the main surname of three Brazilian footballers who are better known by other names:

• Daniela Alves Lima (born 1984)
• Ronaldo Luís Nazário de Lima (born 1976)
• Sisleide do Amor Lima (born 1967), better known as Sissi