| Kaulong | |
|---|---|
| Pasismanua | |
| Region | parts of West New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea |
Native speakers | 4,000 (2000)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | pss |
| Glottolog | kaul1240 |
Kaulong, or Pasismanua, is an Austronesian language spoken by about 4000 swidden farmers of the southwest hinterlands of Kandrian District, West New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea on the island of New Britain.
Phonology
| Labial | Alveolar | Dorsal | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p | t | k |
| Prenasalized | ᵐb ⟨b⟩,⟨mb⟩ | ⁿd ⟨d⟩,⟨nd⟩ | ᵑɡ ⟨g⟩,⟨ngg⟩ |
| Fricative | β ⟨w⟩ | s | h |
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ ⟨ng⟩ |
| Approximant | r, l |
- The prenasalised stops /ᵐb ⁿd ᵑɡ/ are oral [b d g] word-initially.
- /β/ has the allophone /w/ when preceding back vowels.
- /t/ often appears as a tap [ɾ] when between vowels in rapid speech.
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i iː | u uː | |
| Mid | e eː | o oː | |
| Low | a aː |
Additionally, Kaulong has the following diphthongs: /ei/, /ai/, /oi/, /ae/, /au/, /io/, /iu/, /ua/, /ue/, /ui/, /uo/.
References
- ↑ Kaulong at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ↑ Throop, Craig (1992). Kaulong Organised Phonology Data. SIL International.
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