CM.com Circuit Zandvoort
LocationZandvoort, North Holland, Netherlands
Time zoneCET (UTC+1)
CEST (DST)
Coordinates52°23′19.75″N 4°32′27.32″E / 52.3888194°N 4.5409222°E / 52.3888194; 4.5409222
Capacity105,000
FIA Grade1
OwnerPrince Bernhard of Orange-Nassau
Menno de Jong
Opened7 August 1948 (1948-08-07)[1]
Former namesCircuit van Zandvoort
(1948–1988)
Circuit Park Zandvoort
(1989–2016)
Circuit Zandvoort
(2017–2019)
Major events
Current:
Former:
Websitehttps://www.circuitzandvoort.nl
Grand Prix Circuit (2020–present)
Length4.259 km (2.646 miles)
Turns14
Race lap record1:11.097 (United Kingdom Lewis Hamilton, Mercedes W12, 2021, Formula One)
Grand Prix Circuit (1999–2019)
Length4.307 km (2.676 miles)
Turns15
Race lap record1:21.044 (Netherlands Klaas Zwart, Jaguar R5 F1, 2019, Formula One)
Club Circuit (1990–1998)
Length2.526 km (1.570 miles)
Turns9
Race lap record1:01.043 (United Kingdom Kelvin Burt, Reynard 923, 1992, Formula Three)
Grand Prix Circuit (1980–1989)
Length4.252 km (2.642 miles)
Turns19
Race lap record1:16.538 (France Alain Prost, McLaren MP4/2B, 1985, Formula One)
Grand Prix Circuit (1972–1979)
Length4.226 km (2.626 miles)
Turns19
Race lap record1:19.438 (Canada Gilles Villeneuve, Ferrari 312T4, 1979, Formula One)
Grand Prix Circuit (1948–1971)
Length4.193 km (2.605 miles)
Turns19
Race lap record1:19.23 (Belgium Jacky Ickx, Ferrari 312B, 1970, Formula One)

Circuit Zandvoort (Dutch pronunciation: [sɪrˈkʋi ˈzɑntˌfoːrt]), known for sponsorship reasons as CM.com Circuit Zandvoort, previously known as Circuit Park Zandvoort until 2017, is a 4.259 km (2.646 mi) motorsport race track located in the dunes north of Zandvoort, the Netherlands, near the North Sea coast line. It returned to the Formula One calendar in 2021 as the location of the revived Dutch Grand Prix.

History

1930s to mid 1980s

There were plans for races at Zandvoort before World War II: the first street race was held on 3 June 1939. However, a permanent race track was not constructed until after the war, using communications roads built by the occupying German army. Contrary to popular belief John Hugenholtz cannot be credited with the design of the Zandvoort track, although he was involved as the chairman of the Nederlandse Automobiel Ren Club (Dutch Auto Racing Club) before becoming the first track director in 1949.[2] Instead, it was 1927 Le Mans winner, S. C. H. "Sammy" Davis who was brought in as a track design advisor in July 1946[3] although the layout was partly dictated by the existing roads.

The first race on the circuit, the Prijs van Zandvoort, took place on 7 August 1948.[4] The race was renamed the Grote Prijs van Zandvoort (Zandvoort Grand Prix) in 1949, then the Grote Prijs van Nederland (Dutch Grand Prix) in 1950. The 1952 race was the first to be run as a round of the World Championship, albeit to Formula Two regulations rather than Formula One regulations like all the European rounds of the championship that year; a similar situation also applied to the 1953. There was no Dutch Grand Prix in 1954, 1956 or 1957, but 1955 saw the first true Formula One race as part of the Drivers' Championship. The Dutch Grand Prix returned in 1958 and remained a permanent fixture on the F1 calendar (with the exception of 1972) through 1985, when it was held for the last time in the 20th century.

Since 1985

To solve a number of problems that had made it impossible to develop and upgrade the circuit, most importantly noise pollution for Zandvoort inhabitants living closest to the track, the track management developed and adopted a plan to move the most southern part of the track away from the nearby housing estate, and rebuild a more compact track in the remaining former 'infield'. In January 1987 this plan got the necessary 'green light' when it was formally approved by the Provincial Council of North Holland. However, only a couple of months later a new problem arose: the company that commercially ran the circuit (CENAV), called in the receiver and went out of business, marking the end of 'Circuit Zandvoort'. Again the track, owned by the municipality of Zandvoort, was in danger of being permanently lost for motorsports. However, a new operating foundation, the "Stichting Exploitatie Circuit Park", was formed and started work at the realization of the track's reconstruction plans. Circuit Park Zandvoort was born and in the summer of 1989 the track was remodeled to an interim Club Circuit of 2.526 km (1.570 mi), while the disposed southern part of the track was used to build a Vendorado Bungalow Park and new premises for the local football and field-hockey clubs.

In 1995, CPZ (Circuit Park Zandvoort) got the "A Status" of the government of the Netherlands and began building an international Grand Prix Circuit. This project was finished in 2001 when, after the track was redesigned to a 4.307 km (2.676 mi) long circuit and a new pits building was realized (by HPG, the development company of John Hugenholtz Jr., son of the former director), a new grandstand was situated along the long straight. One of the major events that is held at the circuit, along with DTM and A1GP, is the RTL Masters of Formula 3, where Formula Three cars of several national racing series compete with each other (originally called Marlboro Masters, before tobacco advertising ban). A noise restriction order was responsible for this event moving to the Belgian Circuit Zolder for 2007 and 2008. However, the race returned to its historical home in 2009.[5]

2013 DTM race in Zandvoort

Circuit Park Zandvoort played host to the first race in the 2006/07 season of A1 Grand Prix from 29 September–1 October 2006. On 21 August 2008, the official A1GP site reported that the 2008/09 season's first race has moved from the Mugello Circuit, Italy to Zandvoort on the 4–5 October 2008 due to the delay in the building the new chassis for the new race cars. The Dutch round moved to TT Circuit Assen in 2010.[6] A1GP bankrupted before its fifth season and the Dutch round was replaced with Superleague Formula.

Race track Circuit Zandvoort (2018)

In November 2018 reported that Formula One Management (FOM) had invited the owners of the Zandvoort race track to make a proposal to stage a Grand Prix race in 2020.[7] In March 2019, it was confirmed that a letter of intent had been signed between Zandvoort and FOM to stage the Dutch Grand Prix, dependent on private funding being secured to cover the cost of hosting the race. A deadline of 31 March 2019 was set for a final decision to be made.[8] On 14 May 2019 it was confirmed that Zandvoort would host the Dutch Grand Prix for 2020 and beyond for a duration of at least three years, with the option to host another two years beyond that.[9]

Several alterations were made to the track by Jarno Zaffelli to bring it up to date with F1 standards, including adding banking to turn 14 (Arie Luyendijkbocht) and turn 3 (Hugenholtzbocht), but the layout as a whole remained the same.[10][11] The municipality of Zandvoort invested four million euros into the infrastructure around the circuit to improve the accessibility to the track.[12][13] On 29 August 2019, the 2020 Dutch Grand Prix at Zandvoort was included as the fifth race on the provisional schedule, listed on 3 May 2020, between the Chinese Grand Prix and Spanish Grand Prix.[14] The 2020 scheduled appearance was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic,[15] however F1 racing did finally return to the circuit on 5 September 2021.[16] On 17 September 2019, it was announced that Zandvoort would host the FIA Formula 2 Championship and FIA Formula 3 Championship, replacing the series' support races at Circuit Paul Ricard.[17][18][19]

The circuit

Aerial image of the circuit (2016)
Differences between 1980 and 1999 versions of the circuit

The circuit gained popularity because of its fast, sweeping corners such as Scheivlak as well as the "Tarzanbocht" (Tarzan corner) hairpin at the end of the start/finish straight. Tarzanbocht is the most famous corner in the circuit. Since there is a camber in the corner, it provides excellent overtaking opportunities. It is possible to pass around the outside as well as the easier inside lane.[20] This corner is reportedly named after a local character who had earned the nickname of Tarzan and only wanted to give up his vegetable garden in the dunes if the track's designers named a nearby corner after him. On the other hand, many different stories about Tarzan Corner are known.

The circuit design has been modified and altered several times:

  • 1948–1971: length 4.193 kilometers (2.605 mi)
  • 1972–1979: length 4.226 kilometers (2.626 mi)
  • 1980–1989: length 4.252 kilometers (2.642 mi)
  • 1990–1998: length 2.526 kilometers (1.570 mi)
  • 1999–2019: length 4.307 kilometers (2.676 mi)
  • 2020–present: length 4.259 kilometers (2.646 mi)

Track configurations

The corners are named as follows (the numbers correspond to the present map, starting at the start/finish line):[21]

  • Tarzan corner (1)
  • Gerlach corner (2)
  • Hugenholtz corner (3)
  • Hunserug (4)
  • Slotemaker corner (5)
  • Nameless corner (6)
  • Scheivlak (7)
  • Masters corner (formerly Marlboro corner) (8)
  • Nameless corner (formerly Renault corner) (9)
  • CM.com corner (formerly the Vodafone corner) (10)
  • Hans Ernst corner 1 and Hans Ernst corner 2 (formerly Audi S corners) (11 + 12)
  • Nameless corner (formerly Kumho corner) (13)
  • Arie Luyendyk corner (formerly Bos Uit corner) (14)

The elevation difference is 8.9 m (29 ft).

Turns 3 and 13/14 are extremely cambered corners; turn 3 has a 19-degree bank while turns 13/14 have an 18-degree bank.

The main straight during the A1GP


Events

Current
Former

Lap records

The official lap record for the current circuit layout is 1:11.097, set by Lewis Hamilton driving for Mercedes in the 2021 Dutch Grand Prix. The all-time fastest official track record set during a race weekend for the current Grand Prix Circuit layout is 1:08.885, set by Max Verstappen during qualifying for the aforementioned Grand Prix. As of October 2023, the official race lap records at the Circuit Zandvoort are listed as:[22]

CategoryTimeDriverVehicleEventDate
Grand Prix Circuit: 4.259 km (2020–present)
Formula One1:11.097Lewis HamiltonMercedes-AMG F1 W12 E Performance2021 Dutch Grand Prix5 September 2021
FIA F21:23.078Frederik VestiDallara F2 20182022 Zandvoort Formula 2 round4 September 2022
FIA F31:26.476Dennis HaugerDallara F3 20192021 Zandvoort FIA Formula 3 round5 September 2021
GB31:30.023[23]Alex DunneTatuus MSV-0222023 Zandvoort GB3 round14 October 2023
Formula Regional1:31.980[24]Paul AronTatuus F.3 T-3182022 Zandvoort FREC Round19 June 2022
LMP31:32.292[25]Xavier LloverasDuqueine D-082023 Zandvoort Prototype Cup Germany round24 June 2023
LMP21:33.395[26]Jack DexBR Engineering BR01Historic Grand Prix 2020 (Aston Martin Masters Endurance Legends)5 September 2020
GT31:34.111[27]Jules GounonMercedes-AMG GT3 Evo2022 Zandvoort GT World Challenge Europe Sprint Cup round19 June 2022
GT1 (GTS)1:35.249[28]Nicky PastorelliMaserati MC12 GT1Historic Grand Prix 2020 (Aston Martin Masters Endurance Legends)6 September 2020
Formula 41:35.349[29]Sebastian MontoyaTatuus F4-T0142021 Zandvoort ADAC F4 round10 July 2021
Porsche Carrera Cup1:37.730[30]Loek HartogPorsche 911 (992) GT3 Cup2023 2nd Zandvoort Porsche Supercup round27 August 2023
Group 4 sports car1:42.280[31]Nicky PastorelliLola T70 MkIIIBHistoric Grand Prix 2020 (Masters Historic Sports Cars)6 September 2020
GT41:43.390[32]Gabriele PianaBMW M4 GT42023 Zandvoort ADAC GT4 Germany round25 June 2023
TCR Touring Car1:44.520[33]Tom CoronelAudi RS 3 LMS TCR2021 Zandvoort TCR Europe round19 June 2021
Alpine Elf Europa Cup1:45.164[34]Nicolas CiaminAlpine A110 Cup2022 Zandvoort Alpine Elf Europa Cup round19 June 2022
Historic Formula 31:46.993[35]Marcel BiehlRalt RT1Historic Grand Prix 2020 (Historische Monoposto Racing)6 September 2020
Group 6 prototype1:49.739[36]Felix HaasLola T210Historic Grand Prix 2020 (Dunlop Historic Endurance Cup)6 September 2020
Group 2 touring car1:52.410[37]Heinz SchmersalFord Escort Mk2 RS1800Historic Grand Prix 2020 (NKRECO GTTC)5 September 2020
Group 5 sports car1:52.541[38]Michael FunkeFord GT40 MkIHistoric Grand Prix 2020 (HTGT)6 September 2020
Renault Clio Cup1:54.609[39]Anthony JuradoRenault Clio R.S. V2023 Zandvoort Renault Clio Cup Europe round14 October 2023
Group 3 GT1:56.319[40]Martin GreensallShelby Daytona CoupeHistoric Grand Prix 2020 (Masters Gentlemen Drivers)5 September 2020
Grand Prix Circuit: 4.307 km (1999–2019)
Formula One1:21.044[22]Klaas ZwartJaguar R5 F12019 BOSS GP Series Zandvoort round19 May 2019
Formula Three1:28.204[41]Lando NorrisDallara F3172017 Zandvoort F3 European Championship round19 August 2017
A1 GP1:28.353Adrian ZauggLola A1GP2007–08 A1 Grand Prix of Nations, Netherlands30 September 2007
DTM1:32.411[22]Marco WittmannBMW M4 DTM2014 Zandvoort DTM round29 September 2014
GT31:36.270[22]Luca LudwigMercedes-AMG GT32017 Zandvoort ADAC GT Masters round22 July 2017
Formula Renault 2.01:36.688[42]Chris van der DriftTatuus FR20002006 Zandvoort Formula Renault 2.0 Northern European Cup round5 June 2006
Formula 41:38.385[43]Dennis HaugerTatuus F4-T0142019 Zandvoort ADAC F4 round11 August 2019
Porsche Carrera Cup1:41.155[44]Thomas PreiningPorsche 911 (991 II) GT3 Cup2018 Zandvoort Porsche Carrera Cup Germany round18 August 2018
GT11:41.430[45]Cor EuserMarcos Mantis LM6002004 Zandvoort Euro GT round8 August 2004
ADAC Formel Masters1:42.164[46]Marvin KirchhöferDallara Formulino2012 Zandvoort ADAC Formel Masters round5 May 2012
Formula BMW1:43.386[47]Michael ChristensenMygale FB022009 Zandvoort Formula BMW Europe round14 June 2009
TCR Touring Car1:45.901[22]Yann EhrlacherHonda Civic Type R TCR (FK8)2018 FIA WTCR Race of the Netherlands20 May 2018
V8Star Series1:46.471[45]Thomas MutschAudi A62004 Zandvoort Euro GT round8 August 2004
GT41:46.480[22]Ricardo van der EndeBMW M4 GT42016 Zandvoort GT4 European Series round9 October 2016
Super 20001:48.858[48]Luca RangoniBMW 320si2007 FIA WTCC Race of the Netherlands6 May 2007
Club Circuit: 2.526 km (1990–1998)
Formula Three1:01.043Kelvin BurtReynard 9231992 Masters of Formula 32 August 1992
Super Touring1:09.980[49]Rinaldo CapelloAudi 80 Quattro Competition1994 Zandvoort STW Cup round17 July 1994
Group B1:10.530[50]Mike HezemansPorsche 911 (964) Carrera RSR 3.81994 Zandvoort ADAC GT Cup roundJuly 17 1994
Group A1:18.470[50]Michael WidmannNissan 200SX1994 Zandvoort ADAC GT Cup roundJuly 17 1994
Grand Prix Circuit: 4.252 km (1980–1989)
Formula One1:16.538Alain ProstMcLaren MP4/2B1985 Dutch Grand Prix25 August 1985
Formula 30001:23.645[51]Christian DannerMarch 85B1985 Zandvoort F3000 round24 August 1985
Formula Three1:31.700[52]Alain FertéMartini MK341981 Zandvoort European F3 round8 June 1981
Formula Two1:35.631[53]Brian HentonToleman TG280B1980 Zandvoort European F2 round20 July 1980
BMW M1 Procar1:36.900[54]Jacques LaffiteBMW M1 Procar1980 Zandvoort BMW M1 Procar round31 August 1980
Grand Prix Circuit: 4.226 km (1972–1979)
Formula One1:19.438Gilles VilleneuveFerrari 312T41979 Dutch Grand Prix26 August 1979
Formula Two1:21.700[55]Eddie CheeverOsella FA2/791979 Zandvoort European F2 round15 July 1979
Formula 50001:23.300[56]Bob EvansLola T3321974 Zandvoort European F5000 round3 June 1974
Group 71:23.600[57]Tim SchenkenPorsche 917/10 TC1975 Int. ADAC-Noordzee Cup Zandvoort24 August 1975
Formula Three1:29.020[58]Arie LuyendykLola T6701978 Zandvoort European F3 round27 March 1978
BMW M1 Procar1:30.519[59]Elio de AngelisBMW M1 Procar1979 Zandvoort BMW M1 Procar round26 August 1979
Group 21:34.100[60]Toine HezemansFord Capri RS 31001974 Zandvoort ETCC round11 August 1974
Original Grand Prix Circuit: 4.193 km (1948–1971)
Formula One1:19.230Jacky IckxFerrari 312B1970 Dutch Grand Prix21 June 1970
Formula 50001:23.900[61]Peter GethinMcLaren M10B1970 Zandvoort European F5000 round19 April 1970
Formula Two1:26.840[62]Richard AttwoodTecno TF681968 Zandvoort European F2 round28 July 1968
Formula Three1:32.000[63]Cyd WilliamsBrabham BT21B1969 Zandvoort French F3 round31 August 1969
Group 21:38.500[64]Helmut MarkoFord Capri RS 26001971 Zandvoort ETCC round28 August 1971
Formula Junior1:39.600[65]Frank GardnerBrabham BT61963 Zandvoort Formula Junior round1 September 1963
Group 51:40.600[66]Toine HezemansPorsche 9111969 Zandvoort ETCC round31 August 1969

Fatal accidents

In the history of the circuit, several fatal accidents have occurred.

NameDateDescription
Hendrik Dik22 March 1952Dik's Peugeot did not stop after completing the stage, but went straight on through some fences. The car then hit a small hill and rolled. It was later determined that Dik had suffered a fatal heart attack at the wheel of his car.
Wim Gerlach10 June 1957Wim Gerlach rolled his Porsche during a sportscar race at Zandvoort on 9 June 1957. The car was not equipped with a rollcage and Gerlach, who was not wearing seatbelts, had his head crushed between the door of the car and the earth bank. The corner where the accident occurred was later named the Gerlachbocht.
Werner Engel30 April 1958Crashed his Mercedes 300SL cabriolet during the final stage of that year's Tulip Rally. As was usual at the time, the Tulip Rally's final stage was run as a race at Zandvoort, but in anti-clockwise direction, so as to counter unfair advantages for drivers with racing experience of the track. Engel's car crashed and overturned on the back-stretch of the track, on the short straight leading away from Tunnel-Oost (in the direction of Scheivlak corner) and came to rest upside down on the track.
Ian Raby7 November 1967Seriously injured on 5th lap of the Zandvoort Grand Prix, 7th round of the 1967 European Formula 2 Championship.
Chris Lambert28 July 1968Lambert was killed after he collided with Clay Regazzoni during the Dutch round of the European Formula 2 Championship, launching Lambert's Brabham BT23C over the guardrail and onto the pedestrian path below.[67]
Piers Courage21 June 1970The suspension or steering in Courage's car broke on the flat out 'Tunnel Oost' section. Instead of rounding the bend, the car went straight on into the steep dunes, disintegrated on impact and caught fire as the engine broke away from the monocoque; automatic fuel-sealing equipment was not yet being used. During the impact one of the front wheels broke loose and hit Courage's head, taking off his helmet (wheel and helmet came rolling out of the cloud of dust simultaneously). It is assumed that Courage was killed instantly (or at least severely wounded and knocked unconscious) when the wheel hit him, rather than dying in the subsequent fire, as the monocoque was upright (not upside down, as is often stated by those who confuse the Courage and Williamson accidents) when it came to rest and did not seem to trap its driver in any way.
Roger Williamson29 July 1973Williamson lost control of his car due to a suspected tyre failure during the 1973 Dutch Grand Prix and crashed into the barriers, spun upside-down and caught fire. David Purley stopped his own race and tried unsuccessfully to save Williamson. The circuit was poorly prepared and not enough fire extinguishers were on hand.
Rob Slotemaker29 July 1979Slotemaker was killed when he crashed his Chevrolet Camaro during the "Trophy of the Dunes" touring car race. His car spun on a patch of oil and collided with a course car parked alongside the track. Despite the relatively minor force of the accident, he suffered a broken neck and died instantly. A section of the circuit, the left-hander after Hunserug, is named in his memory.[68]
Hans-Georg Bürger20 July 1980Crashed in his Tiga F280-BMW at Scheivlak corner during the warm-up for the Grote Prijs van Zandvoort, the Dutch round of the European Formula 2 Championship. He succumbed to his head injuries in hospital two days later.
Alain Vinckx29 May 1987During a World Record Day event Vinckx was killed when he attempted a stunt in which he drove a Chevrolet Camaro through four buses placed back to back. The second bus was positioned too low, the roof of the car was cut from it by the roof of the bus. Vinckx was unable to duck away from danger and was decapitated.
Oliver Heimann30 March 1991Heimann was unable to avoid the car of another competitor which had come to a standstill. Heimann broke his neck in the accident; he died in a hospital in Haarlem, about one hour after the crash.
Henk Schoorstra29 July 2010After colliding with another car, Henk Schoorstra's single-seater went out of control and crashed into the guard rail between Hunserug and the Rob Slotemaker bend. The driver was able to drive the car into the run-off area but it caught fire and Schoorstra was killed at the scene.
David Ferrer2 September 2017During the Historic Grand Prix Zandvoort Ferrer crashed with his March 701 from 1970. The accident happened in the Arie Luyendijkbocht where he lost control of the car and crashed into the barriers. Marshalls got him out of the car and Ferrer was brought to a hospital, where he later died due to his injuries.[69]

Cycling and running competitions

1960 amateur cycling championship

Motor racer Willy Koppen was the first woman to participate in motor trials in the early fifties on the circuit. In August 1959 the UCI Road World Championships men's race was held at Zandvoort. André Darrigade of France won the 180 mi (290 km) race, Tom Simpson (Britain) was 4th.[70] In 1994 a large interregional amateur race cycling race was organised by HSV De Kampioen in Haarlem. Since 2008, the course has been used as the venue for the Runner's World Zandvoort Circuit Run, a 5-kilometre road running competition.[71] The 2010 edition of the race attracted Lornah Kiplagat, a multiple world champion, who won the ladies 5 km race.[72]

The Cycling Zandvoort 24h race was first held on 25–26 May 2013. It is open for public for soloists and teams up to 8 riders. A 6-hours was added to the event in 2016.[73] On 13./14. June 2015 (12:00) the Cycling Zandvoort – 24 hour race over 4307-m-laps took place.[74]

See also

References

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